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As the national metrology institute (NMI), we are focusing on the development and dissemination of measurement standards, promotion of measurement standards utilization, development of measurement technologies related to measurement standards, legal metrology work and training of experts. Our activity covers engineering, physical, material, and chemical measurement standards. It also covers development of measurement and analytical instrumentation. We also coordinate international activities on metrology standards as a national representative.
AIST researchers have developed a technique to evaluate the reflection and transmission characteristics (S parameters) of radio-frequency (RF) components at arbitrary temperature from 4 K to 300 K (-269 °C to 27 °C). Quantum computer systems contain many RF components to transmit analog signals between the cryogenic quantum chip and the room-temperature electronics. However, most of them do not have guaranteed characteristics in cryogenic environments. Unexpected malfunctions of even a single RF component in a circuit consisting of many components can hinder the large-scale integration of quantum computers. Therefore, there is a need to establish a low-temperature evaluation method for RF components. This method improves on existing methods for measuring reflection and transmission characteristics to enable evaluation of RF components at arbitrary temperatures from 4 K to 300 K. The temperature-dependent information obtained by this technique is essential for the development process of high-performance RF components and will contribute to the advancement of quantum-related technologies. The technology will be deployed in a quantum hardware testbed at the Global Research Center for Quantum and AI Fusion Technology Business Development, which will begin offering measurement services to industry.
Conceptual diagram of the role of this technology in the realization of large-scale quantum computers
Researchers in AIST developed a technology for generating isolated surface acoustic wave pulses jointly with the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Institut Néel of the French National Centre for Scientific Research, and Ruhr University Bochum, and that technology was used to realize highly efficient transfer of single electrons. Establishment of a means to transfer information between separated qubits is essential for realization of a general-purpose quantum computer. Research has been promoted on technology to transfer single electrons using surface acoustic waves as a means of transferring the quantum information of electrons. On the other hand, in previous research that transferred electrons using surface acoustic wave bursts of a certain time width, there were issues due to extra waves not involved in electron transfer. The technology developed by this research to transfer single electrons using isolated surface acoustic wave pulses enables to eliminate the adverse effects of extra surface acoustic waves on surrounding electrons. As such, it will contribute to realization of qubit integration as a highly efficient means of transferring quantum information with suppress disturbance to surrounding qubits.
Image of single electron transfer in a waveguide by an isolated surface acoustic wave pulse generated from a unique comb-shaped electrode
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