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As the national metrology institute (NMI), we are focusing on the development and dissemination of measurement standards, promotion of measurement standards utilization, development of measurement technologies related to measurement standards, legal metrology work and training of experts. Our activity covers engineering, physical, material, and chemical measurement standards. It also covers development of measurement and analytical instrumentation. We also coordinate international activities on metrology standards as a national representative.
Researchers in AIST developed a technology for generating isolated surface acoustic wave pulses jointly with the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Institut Néel of the French National Centre for Scientific Research, and Ruhr University Bochum, and that technology was used to realize highly efficient transfer of single electrons. Establishment of a means to transfer information between separated qubits is essential for realization of a general-purpose quantum computer. Research has been promoted on technology to transfer single electrons using surface acoustic waves as a means of transferring the quantum information of electrons. On the other hand, in previous research that transferred electrons using surface acoustic wave bursts of a certain time width, there were issues due to extra waves not involved in electron transfer. The technology developed by this research to transfer single electrons using isolated surface acoustic wave pulses enables to eliminate the adverse effects of extra surface acoustic waves on surrounding electrons. As such, it will contribute to realization of qubit integration as a highly efficient means of transferring quantum information with suppress disturbance to surrounding qubits.
Image of single electron transfer in a waveguide by an isolated surface acoustic wave pulse generated from a unique comb-shaped electrode
In collaboration with NISSAN ARC Ltd., the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), and the Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society (CROSS), researchers in AIST successfully conducted nondestructive visualization of battery electrode degradation and quantification of the crystal phase types and densities. This was achieved by applying a newly developed analysis method to crystal structure imaging (Bragg-edge imaging) measurement by transmission spectrum analysis of neutron beams on new and degraded LIBs. Neutron beams have high penetrating power and can penetrate the LIB housing to enable nondestructive observation of the interior. Furthermore, information on the crystal structure of the graphite or other anode material can also be obtained by analyzing the transmission spectrum of the neutron beam. This research group devised and applied a new analysis method that takes into account the crystal orientation of graphite to visualize the insertion/extraction state, density, and two-dimensional spatial distribution of lithium ions in graphite anodes, and to quantitatively clarify the difference between new and degraded LIB products. Utilization of this technology for nondestructive and operand observation of the LIB degradation process due to charging and discharging can be expected to contribute to the development of even higher performance batteries.
Nondestructive, quantitative imaging of LIB crystal phase and lithium-ion density using neutrons
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