Vol.5 No.2 2012

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Research paper : Information sharing platform to assist rescue activities in huge disasters (I. Noda)−123−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.5 No.2 (2012) teams, particularly those from outside the region, to find the routes to their destinations.As a method to solve this problem, the passable road information was devised. Based on the driving data of automobiles, the roads that were actually used on a certain day or at a certain time after a disaster were identified and integrated with map data. Since a certain number of cars actually traveled on the roads, it could be expected that the roads were passable to some degree. Because many cars are equipped with car navigations with communication functions recently, it is possible to comprehensively capture the passage data of a specific region. It is also possible to categorize the roads according to the number of passing cars, and to estimate the usability as major roads.With the cooperation from Honda Motor Co., Ltd. and jointly with Dr. Yasunori Hada of the University of Tokyo (currently at Yamanashi University), AIST organized the passability record information during the Niigata Chuetsu-oki Earthquake that occurred in July 2007. This was organized as the “Toreta Doro (Passable Road) Map” (Fig. 11) and this information was released on the web. For this “Toreta Doro Map,” the passability record of each road was processed as follows. First, the drive route data of the vehicles that received Honda’s communication car navigation system service were accumulated at the center. Of these data, the areas affected by the earthquake were organized per day, and after securing anonymity of personal information,Note 5) removing miss value and errors, and matching with the road data, the average speed for each road was calculated and the passability status was categorized into three levels. The results were overlaid and displayed on the GoogleEarth map, and this was released on the web as image data. The information was updated every day, and the passability of the prior day could be checked.The production process of the “Toreta Doro Map” was done on the mitigation information sharing platform, and the progress of each process was stored on DaRuMa. Although this process was done by trials-and-errors after the earthquake, due to the data mediation format on DaRuMa, the trials-and-errors could be done quickly and simply, and information provision was commenced three days after the earthquake.As it will be mentioned later, since this passability record information was established as a processing method, it was directly provided to the public from Honda in the Great East Japan Earthquake. Later, it spread by being provided by Toyota Motor Corporation and ITS Japan. Similar information was provided by ITS Japan during the flooding of the Kii Peninsula due to the typhoon in September 2011, and it has become standard disaster information.5 Experience from the Great East Japan EarthquakeIn the Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011, many people involved in disaster prevention were overwhelmed with the feeling of helplessness. At the time of writing this paper, there were 19,503 people dead or missing, and the economic damage continued to grow, including the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant.Fig. 12 Toreta Doro Map provided for the Great East Japan Earthquake

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