Vol.5 No.2 2012

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Research paper : Information sharing platform to assist rescue activities in huge disasters (I. Noda)−116−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.5 No.2 (2012) As mentioned in the previous chapter, the important concept of this platform is the ad hoc module linkage mediated by data. That is, for each module, information sharing and function linkages are accomplished by retrieving data that were output by other modules to the database, rather than directly calling up the functions of other modules. By limiting to data mediation only, types of linkages are regulated, so that, this will ensure provision of a highly universal framework. The design policy where the modules are linked by a mediating module that acts as a central hub is not new. However, by limiting the linkage format to hub function and data mediation only, continuous and flexible system revision will be possible. Recently, there are many mechanisms where the advanced function linkages are done by the mash-up of web service, but in the framework proposed in this paper, considering the viewpoints of case-by-case flexibility and lifecycles, a simple mechanism is employed. The justification for this choice will be discussed in chapter 3.2.2 Mitigation information sharing protocol (MISP)MISP, the mitigation information sharing protocol, is the key of the mitigation information sharing platform.[8] MISP is a database access protocol based on XML, and it determines the basic functions necessary for the database, namely the ways of calling the data search (Query), registration (Insert) and correction (Update·Delete) (upper part of Fig. 3). Instead of preparing high-level functions like the data reconstruction function such as the table join in the structured query language (SQL), we intensively limited the small number of basic functions in order to simplify data expression and to make module linkages easy by data mediation. As a function to help the ad hoc linkages, the meta-function of the database including the data structure definition function (RegisterFeatureType) is provided online (lower part of Fig. 3). This data structure definition function allows additional online registration of the handled data format to the database using the XML Schema. Therefore, it is possible to add a new data format without stopping the system during the operation of the platform, and testing and updating of the new data format can be done in real time as a new module is added. This is an important function in the integration of the disaster prevention information system where it is necessary to link the modules across several organizations. If there is detriment such as stopping the entire system each time a new data format is registered, the module linkage which needs many trials-and-errors will be slowed down. This specification aims to avoid such barriers and to make the system linkage smooth by opening the calling of data feature type online at the module side.In designing this protocol, emphasis was placed on maintaining the simplicity of the function and ease of description. With a usual Internet protocol design, one tends to consider advanced functions and expandability. For example, XPath and XQuery are being proposed as the retrieval protocol of XML database, but they have become complex to realize highly advanced retrieval and data reconstruction. In the field of information technology that continues to evolve every day, such short-term expandability is important, but as it will be discussed later, considering the fact that the lifecycle of disaster measures is a decade to a hundred years, we need a viewpoint different from the pursuit of advanced functions and expandability. Therefore, simplicity and ease are emphasized in the platform proposed herein. This will be discussed in chapter 3.The basic function of MISP is based on the web feature service (WFS).[9] Using the various standards including the Fig. 2 Mitigation information sharing platformAnalysisSimulationCompaniesResearch institutesDisaster site, refugeVarious sensors, robotsCommonontologyDBCommonprotocolMedical aidRelief aidLogisticsTraffic restrictionsHeadquarters(city, town, village)Government, prefecture

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