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Research paper : Integrated development of automotive navigation and route guidance system (H. Ito )−167−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.4 No.3 (2012) considerations were done from the beginning[5]. In Japan, the visual timing or how the driver used the navigation was studied in RACS[6]. The human factor research was conducted concurrently with the technological development of the product mainly by the car manufacturers. The activities to standardize the human interface design and to establish the guideline were done by the industry.In Japan where the navigation was introduced to the market for the first time in the world, under the support of the ministries, “Guideline for In-vehicle display systems” for the industry was drafted and published by the Display(CRT) Experts Group, JAMANote 36) in 1990, shortly after the market launch. There, the map display of minor roads in cities and the operation for destination setting while driving were banned. This was to indicate to society that the industry was considering the safety of using the device when it was introducing a new technology called navigation to society.Around 1990, looking at the future prospects for the ITS device, interest in development and international standardization of ITS increased. In 1993, ISO/TCNote 37)204 (TICSNote 38), currently renamed ITS) was formed as an organization to promote international standardization. In 1994, the First ITS World Congress was held in Paris, and thereafter it is held in rotation annually in Asia-Pacific, North America, and Europe, to promote the technology and product. The ISO activities enabled the creation of the standard with international harmonization and played the role of supporting the development of ITS, and there is no doubt that the navigation that was spreading in Japan contributed greatly. In Japan, the TC204 Committee for Japan (currently ITS Standardization Committee) and TC204 Technical Committee took the lead and contributed to the national interest in both technological development and standardization.The ISO/TC204/WG11 (Route Guidance and Navigation Systems) was in charge of the system, message set, and interface. The author was the international expert of ISO/TC204/WG13 (Human Factors and MMINote 39), hereinafter will be called WG13) and ISO/TC22/ SCNote 40)13/WG8 (TICS On-board MMI, hereinafter will be called WG8) from 1993 to 2003. The initial responses of the European experts were: “Is it okay that people drive and watch TV in Japan?” or “Isn’t navigation unnecessary because you can get to the destination if you look at the road sign, street name, and building number?” Therefore, at the First WG8 Meeting in Paris in 1994, I used the video “Why navigation system was necessary in Japan” that was prepared by the Human Interface Subcommittee (named MMI Subcommittee at the time) of the Society of Automotive Engineers of Japan. This committee represented Japan in the role of international standardization of human factors, and helped the adjustment of opinions in Japan, preparation of data, and diffusion of the results of international meetings in Japan. 4.2 International standardization of the design requirements of navigationThe international standardization started at the two WGs of ISO (Table 2). The base of consideration was the aforementioned JAMA guideline “Guideline for In-vehicle display device systems” provided by Japan, and the Table 1. Standardization of major human interface guidelines, standards, and regulations[7]199019921993199419951999 2002 2004JAMA Guideline 1.0: Elimination of minor roads from the screen, incapacitation of destination setting function while drivingEstablishment of ISO/TC204Establishment of ISO/TC204/WG13Establishment of ISO/TC22/SC13/WG8Dialogue management principles (released 2002), auditory presentation of information (released 2004, revised 2010), driver visual behavior (released 2002), visual presentation of information (released 2002), suitability of TICS for use while driving (released 2003), message priority (released 2004), deliberation started JAMA Guideline 1.1: Limitation of the number of displayed letters while drivingJAMA Guideline 2.0: Change to minor roads in cities allowed to be displayed when on the actual roadRoad Traffic Law Article 71: Prohibition of handholding the cell phone, prohibition of gazing at the video screen while drivingJAMA Guideline 2.2: Display device must be installed within 30 degrees of visual angleRoad Traffic Law Article 109: Principle of display, operation, and displayed information in car-mounted deviceStart deliberation of the occlusion method at ISO/TC22/SC13/WG8 (ISO released 2007)JAMA Guideline 3.0: Regulation of maximum operation time of operable function while drivingRoad Traffic Law Article 71 revision: Strengthened penalty for handholding of cell phone while drivingStart deliberation of LCTNote 46) law at ISO/TC22/SC13/WG8

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