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Report : Methodology of technology integration toward establishing an open innovation hub−66−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.4 No.1 (2011) issues behind them. These issues should be our targets. It is important to see them from a bird’s eye point of view in efficiently implementing science and technology on the issues.First, pick up a potential issue and consider what kind of technology and science are necessary. Then, investigate if any of the existing technology or science would be useful in addressing the issue. Since the recent issues are more complex and difficult, it may be hard to solve the issues in a single science and technology field. So, science and technologies converge, and social values are created by implementing them in the real world. And then, a new issue will emerge, and we go through the same process to create the next social value. I think that the dynamic and spiral process is a key driving force for innovation.communication and interface adaptors for data-terminal equipment were developed(1980-1985). The star configured passive optical networks were also adapted to Ethernet-base fiber optic local area networks in 1987. In the 1990s, the star configured passive optical networks were chosen as a network topology of FTTH because of its cost effectiveness and upgradability in the future.In the development of FTTH, there were two candidates of multiple access methods of PON, One is the asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) which was the ITU-T telecommunication standard that efficiently multiplexes telephone and Internet services. The second is the Ethernet-base random access method which is the IEEE standard and popular interface of computer communication systems. In Japan, the Ethernet was chosen because it would become a more familiar and less expensive interface than ATM. By Voice over IP technology, Telephone services are easily multiplexed with Internet services. The transmission bit rate is 1 Gbit/s and will be going up to 10 Gbit/s to multiplex wider services like video communication services.It took about 25 years to get here. Why did it take 25 years? We had to wait for the innovation of optical and electrical devices. Standardization of PON needed to be established. The Internet demand had to grow and communication carriers had to change business models from telephone services to internet access services.The continuous technical innovation of PON for over 25 years could not be handled by a single company. The seed sowing of the technology was supported by the government as I described. Challenges to commercialize fiber-optic Ethernet were carried out through cooperation between a communication carrier and system vendors. FTTH standardization and its development were strongly promoted by a communication carrier. But it was the open collaboration with system LSI vendors, optical component vendors and equipment vendors to speed up the development and reduce the burden on individual vendors that enabled short term development and commercialization of PON base FTTH. ArtHumanitiesSocial sciencesEnvironmentITRoboticsHealthEnergyMechatronicsElectronicsMedicalscienceBiotechnologyNanoscienceMathematicsChemistryPhysicsAmericanCTEnvironmental problemsEpidemicsTerrorismResources and energy depletionConverging sciences and technologiesMining potential issuesExploring and enhance required sciences and technologiesImplementing science and technology to create social valuePlace or “Ba” of meta-engineeringScience and technology activitiesGlobalizationSustainability of the earthShrinking and aging population in JapanPopulation growth in the worldChanges in economic landscapeGlobal issuesMeta-engineeringPassive optical network and fiber to the homeTadayoshi Kitayama (President&CEO, Mitsubishi Precision Co., Ltd.; former Vice President of Communication Systems Business Division, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation)I think many of you are already using the Internet through optical fibers connected between your home and a telephone company office or an internet provider site. This fiber optic access system is called “fiber to the home (FTTH)”. FTTH system is composed of optical fibers, optical couplers to tap optical signals from a central office, and terminals. This network configuration is called passive optical network (PON). We first conceived PON in the1980, and it took more than 20 years for it to materialize. We got a hint from satellite communication that was composed of the geostationary satellite and earth stations. In the Large-scale R&D of Optoelectronic Measurement and Control Systems Project administrated by the Agency of Industrial Science and Technology of the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, the primary data network consists of loop-configured passive fiber-optic transmission system equipped with optical couplers, burst mode optical transceivers, TDMA processors for N:N Development of passive optical network Development of passive optical network Year Year Bit rate (Gbit/s)Bit rate (Gbit/s)Large-scale R&D of Optoelectronic Measurement and Control Systems Project Large-scale R&D of Optoelectronic Measurement and Control Systems Project 10GEPON10GEPONGEPONGEPONEPON(Non-standard) EPON(Non-standard) BPON BPON GPONGPONSTM-PON STM-PON IEEE802.3FP IEEE802.3FP Mediumscale Fiber-Optic LANMediumscale Fiber-Optic LANLocal area network‒ linear, starLocal area network‒ linear, starFTTH-Tree (Double star)FTTH-Tree (Double star)STM,STM,ATM ATM IP/Ethernet IP/Ethernet 201520102005200019951990198519801010.10.01

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