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Report : Methodology of technology integration toward establishing an open innovation hub−64−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.4 No.1 (2011) of society and cannot be handed down to others. Those are our understanding of the issue. I think the objective of Synthesiology will serve as a point of discussion.Today, under the title “Methodology of technological integration for the open innovation”, we invited several people with broad views and rich experiences. I hope we have a deep discussion on the new scientific methodology.[Presentation]Categorization of synthetic research for the creation of innovationNaoto Kobayashi (Senior Executive Editor, Synthesiology; Waseda University; former AIST member)Synthesiology is a journal for papers that emphasize the objective and scenario of the social technology that leads a research result to product realization and its social diffusion. If these papers could promote the practice of Full Research and accelerate innovations, Synthesiology will play a major role as an academic journal. While the creation of innovation is not easy, it would be beneficial if we can get a glimpse of the integration methodology that may lead to innovation. Therefore, the Synthetic Methodology Working Group of the Synthesiology Editorial Board has reviewed 50 papers among the 60 papers published from Vol. 1 No. 1 to Vol. 3 No. 2. The papers were comprised of: 8 papers in environment and energy field; 9 in life science (biotechnology) field; 6 in life science (human technology) field; 10 in information technology and electronics field, and nanotechnology, materials and manufacturing field; 12 in metrology and measurement science field; and 5 in geological survey and applied field geosciences field. I have previously proposed the (1) “Aufheben” type (two opposing topics are integrated to create a new concept), the (2) Breakthrough type (marginal technology elements are combined with major essential technology element to develop integrated technology), and the (3) Strategic selection type (technology elements are strategically selected and synthesized). These concepts were used as examples for the basic types of synthesis method.Overall, the papers of Synthesiology were found to be interdisciplinary, but we have also discerned characteristics for each field. The (1) environment and energy field mainly involved the “strategic selective + breakthrough types”, where the topics are selected strategically as the clear social demands are broken down, a main technology is generated from the key elemental technologies, breakthrough occurs with the combination of the main and marginal technologies, and an integrated technology is born.The characteristic methodology for the (2) life science (biotechnology) field is the spiral development. For example, in bioinformatics, after a core technology is synthesized, this leads to the hop-step-jump phases of the next development, and this Full Research loops up to the “hop” of the next stage. The biotech industries have higher uncertainties than other fields, where one may not know whether a product is usable unless it is realized as a product, and it is important to bring the product to realization however small. The spiral manner in which the processes of Type 1 Basic Research, Type 2 Basic Research, and Product Realization Research spiral upward is the characteristic of the field. Moreover, in the (3) life science (human life) field, as represented by the paper on the development of eyeglass frame to match an individual, its characteristic is to create a system for providing a product based on customer satisfaction by integrating the technology elements, categorizing the core technologies, and by seeking new findings.In the (4) information technology and electronics field, the creation of nonvolatile electronics using the spintronics technology was very typical. It could be called a tandem breakthrough type, where there are two consecutive breakthrough technologies including the development of the new material and device and the development of the mass production technology that is crucial for practical use and product realization. In the (5) nanotechnology, materials, and manufacturing field, the mass synthesis of organic nanotube is one of the good examples. While this is a seed-driven breakthrough type, the characteristic is that the mass production was attained by extremely detailed molecular design and the integrated technology, and the practical use has been sought by pioneering the use of the product jointly with various companies.In the (6) metrology and measurement science field, there is the mission of establishing the national standard and providing traceability to the International System of Units (SI), guaranteeing the international equivalency of the standard using a measurement method recognized internationally, and building a traceability system that reaches the far corners of society through standard provision. The technological development can be called the “strategic selection type S (standard)”. Its characteristics are that the goal is clear, and the technology elements necessary for its achievement are selected and synthesized. Finally, papers in the (7) geological survey and applied field geosciences field can overall be called the “integrated strategic type”, but they include several types such as the individual strategic type and the individual strategic and field fusion type. There are also those that transform from the breakthrough type to the fusion type as the types change and develop over time. The research may progress according to the shifting social demands, the geological phenomena are often understood as complex systems, and the interactions tend to take place in a spiral structure.

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