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Round-table talk : “Monozukuri” (manufacturing) of Japan and synthesiology−60−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.4 No.1 (2011) solving research got together, and the level of research was raised through these discussions at the study sessions. Now, the information technology has advanced, and there are other means for information exchange among researchers compared to 30 years ago. In the study sessions at Tsukuba, researchers could often see actual products at the study session and that was extremely useful to advance their studies. Thus, local human network can be utilized to raise the level of synthesis.YabePeople of universities, companies, and national research institutes gathered in Tsukuba to talk about the demand and potential, and how they were viewed by society. I think this is an example of being “under one roof” where the three parties gathered in one place. We are now building the “Tsukuba Innovation Arena”, which is inspired by research associations. Gathering the universities, companies, and research institutes in one place is an excellent method for Japan.TsugeI certainly think so. My view is that graduate students do not have to sit at the main table, but the professor may say, “Hey, there’s an interesting session in the evening, so why don’t you come along?” and the graduate students can participate. I wish to do that consciously. When I look back at my university years, Dr. Nariai was in the doctorate course and was studying in the engineering department. By participating in such study sessions, I could feel the energy and technologies that support society.How synthesis can be utilized in creating a sustainable societyYabeYou discussed that one of the effective methods to raise the level of synthesis is to establish a system where everyone can exchange information and share wisdom. Creating a “sustainable society” is extremely important for us. How can we incorporate the objective of sustainability into synthesis? Will that be at the individual or organizational level?TsugeThe important point in the methodology for building a sustainable society is to create a sustainable innovation traction engine structure. Furthermore, the “human resource education” is the most important. As shown in Fig. 3, there are roughly four types of human resources to propel the front-runner type innovation structure. One is Type D or the “differentiator” who creates the cutting edge of science and technology. This person may win the Nobel Prize. Type E is the “enabler” who creates the enabling technology. Type B or the “base” who truly supports the innovation structure and monozukuri tends to be forgotten, but this person has wide-ranging basic technology and possesses core technology and skills. I think a large part of engineering education is to nurture the Type B people. I fear what is forgotten in the current science and technology and the education policy is the so-called Type . This is someone who works to create the socioeconomic values through vertical and horizontal integration of the innovation structure. Type is the person who supports synthesiology and is crucial in building the sustainable society.Enabler Technologies Enabler Technologies They are also key human resources for synthesiology!Σ type human resource are essential for knowledge integration and socioeconomic value creationSource: Ayao Tsuge Innovator Nihon, OhmshaLevel of required technologyType-Σ : People who create socioeconomic value through vertical/horizontal integration of innovation structureExpansion of spectra for requiredscience and technology(including humanities and social sciences)Type-B : People with wide-ranging basic technology and core technology/skillsType-E : Enabler People who create technologyType-D : Differentiator People who create science and technologyInnovation human resources to be fosteredDifferentiatorTechnologyDifferentiatorTechnologyCore technologiesandmonozukuri powerCore technologiesandmonozukuri powerFront runner type innovation structureFig. 3 Human resources essential for creating the sustainable society

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