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Report : Knowledge for interdisciplinary consilience−181−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.3 No.2 (2010) the disciplines are segmented, special terminology and knowledge are necessary to be able to read and understand the papers. So it can no longer be easily understood by other people of the general society who may wish to utilize the research results. It is also often difficult for researchers of other disciplines.Since publication of original research papers in an academic journal is the most basic requirement to a researcher, the researcher works full force to write such papers. Particularly, since a paper will not be published in an academic journal unless the research result is deemed valuable by peer reviewers or researchers of the same discipline, the author of a paper often writes primarily to get assent of researchers of his/her own discipline. The more the researcher engages in such efforts, the papers become more incomprehensible to researchers of other disciplines and general engineers. Many recent academic journals have been published worldwide and the number of papers being published is skyrocketing. But there is no change in the situation where the results of the basic research done by public funding are not returned directly to the sponsors.There are some researchers, however, who provide the results directly to society and industry without going through the academic societies of the individual discipline. For example, when developing a prototype of products in a joint research, this will be an excellent opportunity for the research institute and the company to share the research results. Also patent, risk information, geological information, document standards, measurement standards, reference materials, and software package may be delivered directly to the users without going through the academic society.These results are representative of the Type 2 Basic Research being highly valuable from the point that they contribute directly to society. However, these activities are apt to be taken lightly as mere sideline work of the main research activity. Moreover, there is no established methodology or medium to describe the results of Type 2 Basic Research as an original research paper. We believe there is great significance in evaluating the processes and results of the Type 2 Basic Research as valuable, in developing a new form of original research papers, and in issuing a new academic journal as a place for publication.4 Development of a new form of research papersIt is commonly accepted today that writing an academic paper on the process and content of the research conducted and contributing it to an academic journal is something done routinely by researchers. A researcher who does not write any papers is unthinkable, and such a person is not evaluated as a researcher proper. However, one may realize that the research papers of science and technology that we are used to write have an extremely limited form.The origin of modern science arose in 17th century Europe, and the method of science thereafter incorporated positivism to investigate whether a certain phenomenon is true or not. When a researcher writes a research paper, sufficient information must be described to enable other researchers to do a follow-up test to investigate whether they can obtain the same result described in the paper. Then the researchers investigate the logical relationship among the phenomena confirmed to be true and establish laws and theories.In the modern research papers of science and technology, items unrelated to the “objective” phenomenon such as why the author started the research, what motivation and intention the author had, or why the author made a certain decision are not included. Even if such items are described a little bit in a paper, they are not subjects interesting in the peer review. The reason is because, in Type 1 Basic Research whose priority is the accumulation of factual knowledge, the descriptions of “objective” phenomenon are important, and those alone are sufficient. On the other hand, in Type 2 Basic Research where a selection is made among several equivalent scenarios with the research motivation being the realization of a societal value, the most vital part of the research cannot be expressed just by describing the “objective” phenomena.A table of typical content of Type 2 Basic Research paper is shown in Table 2. The processes of Type 2 Basic Research methods shown in Fig. 1 are arranged in the order of research conducted. The originality of paper is represented by the uniqueness of the set scenario and the novelty of the integration and synthesis process of elemental technologies. Even if the same research goal is given, researchers will set different scenarios. They also take different processes of synthesis and integration if different elemental technologies are selected. Thus these are unique to individual researcher, and they represent the researcher’s “originality”.It is not necessary to repeatedly describe details of the elemental technologies in a Type 2 Basic Research paper. Table 2 Contents and features of Synthesiology papersStructure of paper・ Results of Type 1 Basic Research should be included in referencesReferences・ Selected elements and methods of integration and synthesis・ Set scenarioOriginalityEvaluation of results and future developments5Relationships between elements, and their integration and synthesis4Proposal of scenario and selection of elements3Social value of research objective2Setting of research goal1 Characteristic of papers

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