Vol.3 No.2 2010

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Research paper : Products and evaluation device of cosmetics for UV protection (Y. Takao et al.)−142−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.3 No.2 (2010) did not reflect the actual ceramic manufacturing process. As shown in Fig. 5(b), the problem of consolidation condition setting in the new model was solved by continuously monitoring the normal and side-grinding forces in the transition state[1][2][14]-[21]. The details of the methodology are discussed in chapter 3.2.2 Scenario for solving the social elementsThe solution for the social elements such as the adjustment of conflicting organizational interests or the originality of idea was necessary. Before the 1990s, industry-government collaborations were conducted particularly in the regional laboratories as supportive measures that prioritized the practical application and commercialization, parallel to the R&D of science and technology[1][2]. This was followed by the practice of logical and strategic measures to build the win-win relationship between the companies and AIST based on the wide research foundation and trusting relationships[3]-[7].As shown in Fig. 1(b), in this research, we faced the social issue of adjusting the differences in the interests of the organizations, and the realization of the development policy for the material and manufacturing method in the situation where the material manufacturer wanted a new product in preparation of resource depletion[15], and the product manufacturer wanted new technology quickly to win the market competition[17].The solution for the social elements selected in this research is shown in Fig. 6. This shows the basic research of the ceramic powder unit operation and the history of the use of external funds and alliance system, starting with the Government Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya. The central part is the chronology, the upper part shows the material development, and the lower part shows the history of the evaluation device. Starting from the technical assistance for adding higher value to the regional specialty products in the 1990s, the pilot plant for powder synthesis was constructed using external budget in 2003, a public venture was started for the lubriciousness evaluation in 2005, a loose regional cooperation that did not require a contract was formed in 2007, and the powder material and evaluation device were realized in 2010[1][2][14]-[21]. The details of the synthesis methodology are described in chapter 3.The following methodologies for solving the social elements were published in Synthesiology last year: (1) the aufheben type where a new concept is created by temporarily “sublating” the two contradicting propositions, (2) breakthrough type which is a unique “growth” model of the core technology, and (3) the strategic selection type which is an investigation of a hypothesis by a “logical” scenario[5]. This research can be considered a case where (1) aufheben thinking was applied to the social elements, in the sense that the decision for short-term organizational interests was temporarily suspended or postponed, although we were unaware of that when we were actually engaging in the research.3 Solution (synthetic methodology)3.1 Logical and strategic solution of the technological elements< Ceramic powder material for cosmetics >As shown in Fig. 4, the condition at which the nanoparticles do not segregate among the mica particles when the cosmetics is in its final form, that is, ceramic compact mixed with other ingredients such as polymers, was calculated using the DLVO CosmeticsCeramic particleCompositeparticleDropletsParticle packingmodelWaterNanoparticles(a)(b)Normal forceConventional method ‒ Jenike modelBulk densityNew method ‒ LS approximation modelFig. 4 Technological solution: New manufacturing method - Composite particle method with controllability and cost adjustmentsFig. 5 Technological solution: New manufacturing method - Least-square approximation model for normal and side-grinding forces(a) Conventional method – Jenike method: Corresponds to static friction, reproduces the consolidation condition in the hopper.(b) New method – LS approximation model: Dynamic and static frictions are covered. Non-steady (dynamic friction) condition in the consolidation process can be quantified, as this was not possible in the conventional method, and has the following characteristics: (1) reproduces the condition in which the powder materials are actually used, and (2) has high cost performance with small amount of sample and short time.

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