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Research paper : Cyber Assist project as service science (H. Nakashima et al.)−121−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.3 No.2 (2010) AuthorsHideyuki NakashimaDr. Eng. from Graduate School of Information Engineering, the University of Tokyo in 1983. Research themes include artificial intelligence, especially on situatedness of intelligence. Also interested in multi-agent systems and its application to complex information processing. Currently, President of Future University Hakodate. Was president of Japanese Cognitive Science Society, board member of Japanese Society for Software Science and Technology, board member of the Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence, vice president of Information Processing Society of Japan, and board member of International Foundation for Multi-Agent Systems.Major publications: Handbook of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments (Springer), Chino no Nazo (Mystery of Intelligence) (Kodansha Bluebacks), Chiteki Ejento notameno Shugo to Ronri (Sets and Logics for (Construction of) Intelligent Agents) (Kyoritsu Pub.), Shiko (Thought) (Iwanami Lecture Series on Cognitive Science 8), Kigo no Sekai (World of Symbols) (Kyoritsu Pub.), Prolog (Sangyo Tosho Pub.). For the content of this paper, he was responsible for the design of the project and its achievement as the first director of the center.Koiti HasidaDr. Sci. from Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo in 1986. Research topics concern natural language processing, cognitive science, artificial intelligence, and semantic computing. Researcher at Electrotechnical Laboratory from 1986 to 2001 and researcher at the Institute for New Generation Computing Technology from 1988 to 1992. Deputy director of CARC from 2001 to 2004 and its director in 2004. Presently, director of Social Intelligence Technology Research Laboratory, AIST, president of Japanese Cognitive Science Society, president of Association of Natural Language Processing, and a board member of Japan Society for Software Science and Technology.Major publicatinos: Chi no Enjiniaringu: Fukuzatsusei no Chihei (Engineering of Intellect: Horizons of Complexity) (JustSystem), Gengo (Language) (Iwanami Lecture Series of Cognitive Science), Gengo no Suri (Mathematics of Language) (Iwanami Lecture Series of Linguistic Sciences), Topics in Constraint-Based Grammar of Japanese (Kluwer). [28][29]Laboratory, AIST (ed.): Dejitaru, Saiba, Riaru – Ningen Chushin no Joho Gijutsu (Digital Cyber Real –Human-Centered IT–), Maruzen (2003) (in Japanese).Y. Anzai, et al.: Chiteki Shakai Kiban Kogaku Gijutsu no Chosa Kenkyu Hokokusho (Review on Technologies for Intelligent Social Infrastructure), New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (1998) (in Japanese).Yuzabiriti Kenkyukai Hokokusho (Report of the Usability Research Group), Ministry of International Trade and Industry (1999) (in Japanese).For the content of this paper, he contributed to the design of the project and succeeded its execution, in particular EXPO 2005 Aichi Japan, as the second director of the center.Discussions with Reviewers1 OverallComment (Naoto Kobayashi: Center for Research Strategy, Waseda University)I understand that this paper aims at reassessing the value of the Cyber Assist Research Center (CARC) set up at AIST in 2001 whose research strategy is still valid, or even more valid, in today’s context, by looking back over its activities and comparing them with the current research trend. However, in the view that Synthesiology is an academic journal on Type 2 Basic Research, it does not suffice to merely reconstruct the research activities of CARC. To be accepted as a research paper of this journal, you should address the following issues which are essential elements of Synthesiology: (1) the research goal, (2) the scenario to the goal, (3) element technologies, (4) the method of synthesis of a new system by combining those elements, and (5) the conclusion.Comment (Motoyuki Akamatsu: Human Technology Research Institute, AIST)I understand that the theme of this paper is to describe how the Cyber Assist Research Center as a “synthesiological” research vehicle tackled the Cyber Assist project “synthesiologically”, to assess the achievement and to analyze the whole process. I want you to narrow down the focus of the story, to “location-based communication” for example, and clarify the essence of your claim for the readers’ easier understanding .Answer (Hideyuki Nakashima)I thank both of you for your objective comments. I found that issues we took for granted in designing CARC is not necessarily obvious for others. The internal structure of the center, for example, is an important one but we failed to convey the rationalization. We rewrote the overall paper to comply with your comments. However, since Cyber Assist is an activity of service engineering whose top-level goal is to support people, it is hard to focus on a narrow and coherent story. A service provider should not forget about trivial details. The whole combination of peripheral issues is meaningful more than the central device or function used for the service. This is one of the reasons that this kind of research and development was rare in the past. We also stressed the above points in our new manuscript.2 Definition of “service engineering”Question (Motoyuki Akamatsu)The title of the paper claims that Cyber Assist is a kind of service engineering, and the latter is defined in your own way in the paper. In the initial manuscript, your definition of “service engineering” is unclear but there is a better description in section 6.1 of the final version. Should the definition of “service engineering” be understood as meaning, “to provide or to offer” services?Answer (Hideyuki Nakashima)Generally speaking, “a discipline of designing and/or constructing systems for practical use” contains as its part a phase of “providing the system for use”. In this sense, “service engineering” should not be taken as its narrow meaning of engineering merely for the sake of service industries, but rather as service-providing portion of engineering, or a discipline of engineering reorganized around the phase of putting the system into practical use. We provided the description in section 6.1.

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