Vol.3 No.1 2010

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Research paper : A field-scientific approach to Clinico-Informatics (Y. Kinoshita et al.)−75−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.3 No.1 (2010) Discussions with Reviewers1 “Clinico-informatics”Question (Hideyuki Nakashima, Future University Hakodate; Naoto Kobayashi, Center for Research Strategy, Waseda University)Although the meaning of “clinico-informatics” is clearly explained in the text, I am afraid that a careless reader may easily misunderstand the word to mean “informatics for clinical treatment.” What do you think of using the term rinjo johogaku or “on-site informatics”?Answer (Yoshiki Kinoshita, Toshinori Takai)Even outside of medical domain, the term clinical psychology, for instance, has been widely accepted. We agree, however, there is a possible misunderstanding which you pointed out, so we rewrote the text to avoid it. It could also be said that clinico-informatics is a study of therapy for systems, or systemtherapy.2 Technology transferQuestion (Naoto Kobayashi)You write that 1) analyzing the situation (diagnosis), 2) improving (therapy), and 3) deciding and executing the improvement policy (technology transfer) are the three principal subjects of study in clinico-informatics, making analogy with clinical medicine. I am anxious to clarify the chronological order of these activities; in particular which of 2) improvement and 3) technology transfer comes first in chronological order? It seems that 2) usually comes after 3). Is it the case that 2) is first done by the research team and then 3) the technology is transferred to industry step by step, or that 2) improvement and 3) technology transfer are done in parallel? Could you clarify the chronological AuthorsYoshiki Kinoshita1981 B.Sc. in Information Science from the University of Tokyo. 1981-1983 Texas Instruments Asia Limited. 1989 D.Sc. in Information Science from the University of Tokyo. 1989-2001 Electrotechnical Laboratory. 2001- AIST. 2004-2010 Director of Research Center for Verification and Semantics, AIST. Currently, Chief Senior Scientist in Collaborative Facilities for Verification, AIST.Toshinori Takai1996 B.Sc.Graduated from the Department of Artificial Intelligence, School of Computer Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology. 2002 D.Eng. from Nara Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. 2001- AIST. Research Scientist in Collaborative Facilities for Verification, AIST.DeclarationThis paper was written based on the two authors’ discussions and collaboration. Therefore, there is no “principal author” in this paper, but the two authors made equal amount of contribution.order of 2) and 3)?Is there no transfer of technology (of medical treatment) from medical doctors to clients (of course there is none because of the law), while there may be advice about treatment and prevention? If you include nursing, however, technology transfer does occur from medical doctors to nurses.Answer (Yoshiki Kinoshita, Toshinori Takai)2) comes after 1), but 3) is to shape the technology of 1) and 2) into a form that can be used (deciding the improvement policy) by general engineers (general physicians), and to communicate (execute). 1) and 2) are activities at a level different to that of 3), so there is no specific chronological order between 2) and 3). The technology transfer we are considering as an example corresponds to a flow of knowledge from research institutes to the medical doctors, not from medical doctors to clients. Since it is done between medical doctors with proper licenses, (i.e., from those working in research institutes to those working in clinics,) the limitation by law does not matter here.Question (Naoto Kobayashi)I understand your notion of technology transfer and the analogy to what happens in clinical medicine, but I still do not understand that “3 to propagate the technologies” comes after “2 to improve the situation in the field” It would be strange if a medical doctor cares for the patient before deciding the therapeutic policy, wouldn’t it? Could you explain more about what you mean by “to propagate the technologies”?Answer (Yoshiki Kinoshita, Toshinori Takai)After giving another thought, we concluded that analysis of the situation, improvement, and propagation of the technology transfer are subjects of study in clinico-informatics, and the propagation itself is not part of the study of clinico-informatics; clinico-informatics studies methods for propagation. We rewrote the text to emphasize this distinction. We appreciate your point.3 W-model for problem solvingQuestion (Hideyuki Nakashima)You compare the W-shaped and V-shaped processes in chapter 3. Is not a W-shaped process a repetition of two V-shaped processes? (Refer to: H. Nakashima: Discipline of constructive research fields – Toward formalization of Synthesiology, Synthesiology, 1 (4)) Moreover, I do not think Yoshikawa’s model is wrong; I would rather think processes of his model is repeated in reality.Answer (Yoshiki Kinoshita, Toshinori Takai)The V-shaped part on the left of the W-shaped process is a stage of abduction where the theory emerges, while deduction and induction are performed based on the theory emerged there. Therefore, we think the W-shape is not a repetition of the V-shape. We added some explanation about this point to the text.By the way, we do not at all say that the Yoshikawa model is wrong. Our point is that the methodology for abduction has not been discussed at all or the discussions have been far from sufficient, if any.Question (Naoto Kobayashi)You wrote that the V-shaped part on the left side of the W-shaped process was missing in the Yoshikawa’s framework of Full Research. If so, the process for the left V-shaped part is predetermined in the framework of Full Research. However, such a situation is rarely found in reality, but there usually must be a process of the research team going out to society or industry to observe the situation. The difference of Full Research and your fieldwork may be as follows. In the case of fieldwork, the two V-shaped parts in the W-shaped process are always linked serially and the W-shaped process is repeated again and again several times. On the other hand, the left hand side V-shaped part is assumed not to be repeated usually in the case of Full Research.

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