Vol.2 No.2 2009

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Research paper : Study on the PAN carbon-fiber-innovation for modeling a successful R&D management (O. Nakamura et al.)−164−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.2 No.2 (2009) materials.Osamu Nakamura (Note: different person with same name and surname)Completed the master course at the Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University in 1979. Engaged in education and research as an assistant professor of Oral Biochemistry, Kagoshima University Dental School. Received Doctor of Dentistry (Osaka University) in 1987. Visiting research associate, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.; Senior researcher, Kyushu National Industrial Research Institute; Deputy director and Manager of Biological Chemistry Division, Biotechnology and Food Research Institute, Fukuoka Industrial Technology Center; Senior researcher, Evaluation Department, AIST; and Director for Technology Evaluation, Technology Evaluation and Research Division, METI. Appointed Deputy Director of Evaluation Department, AIST in 2007. Evaluated R&D management, and has built up a network of personal connections involved in evaluation both in Japan and abroad. Currently, Director general of the Science and Technology Promotion Bureau, Nagasaki Prefectural Government. In this paper built the framework of the paper and selected points of emphasis.Junji ItoCompleted the doctorate course at the Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology. Doctor of Science. Joined the Electrotechnical Laboratory in 1984, which became AIST by reorganization. Worked as head of the Nanoelectronic Research Institute, vice-president of Planning Headquarter, and as Industrial Technology Architect. Vice president of AIST from 2007. In this paper, in charge of basic model design and overall direction.Discussion with Reviewers1 R&D scenarioQuestion and comment (Naoto Kobayashi, AIST Advisor)The “excited oscillation model” proposed in this paper is new and interesting. I recommend you clarify the scenario for “what should be done to excite innovations in the Japanese industry in the future” (that is, scenario for utilizing the research result). I think the value of this paper will be enhanced by doing so, and therefore I expect you to add descriptions.Answer (Osamu Nakamura)As you indicated, the “excited oscillation model” was derived from the analysis of case studies that brought about significant socioeconomic impact among the R&D efforts of AIST. Using the findings gained from this model and the process of analysis as proposals for efforts toward future innovation, the following two points should be particularly emphasized: clarification of “mindset” that will be the basis of the researcher’s “autonomy,” and establishment of “management” that synchs the researcher’s mind with the society.We added descriptions that point out that it is important for the research organization (execution of R&D) and government organization (planning of R&D policy) to consider the above points.2 ComponentsQuestion and comment (Naoto Kobayashi)The pillar of this paper is the statement that the effective correlations and linkages of various components functioned in how the PAN carbon fiber developed by Dr. Shindo was put to practical use. Using the words of the paper, (1) the researcher’s serendipity (product of the researcher’s autonomy), (2) research environment in synch with the researcher’s interest (combination of autonomy and management), and (3) the awareness of the industry (starting point of market creation). You should clarify whether these components are sufficient or that they are merely requirements for building a universal model containing these components. Also, I think you should select words so (1)~(3) will become more universal expressions (they should be understandable when they are cited as “excited oscillation model” in the future). For example, how about (1) free conception and social consciousness of the researcher, (2) appropriate time-space support by the research management, and (3) awareness of the industry and straightforward exchange of opinion, and others. (Also, does the suggestion from the American military personnel belong to (3)?)Pertaining to (3), do you suggest that the “sheltered space (http://www.arengufond.ee/upload/Editor/industryengines/files/foorum/lester%20slides%20021208.pdf),” as described by Professor R.K. Lester of MIT, existed at GIRIO 40 years ago?Answer (Osamu Nakamura)As you indicated, this paper explains the excited oscillation model using the three components. The process leading to innovation was analyzed and summarized into three essential components, and we think they are sufficient as components of this model. However, we shall change the expressions as follows to clarify and to add universal character to the function of each component:(1) Serendipity based on clear issue consciousness of the researcher(2) Matched phase between the researcher’s motivation and management(3) The industry’s aggressive desire to develop new businessFor (3), the sheltered space as proposed by Professor Lester did not exist at GIRIO back then. For sheltered space, Professor Lester states, “If the researchers are given a place where they can engage freely in interpretive effort, the autonomy of the researchers will bring about new development.” However, simple provision of a place gives the impression that the model is static. In the “excited oscillation model,” the mutual interaction between the researcher and the management lies at the base, and it is “a dynamic model where the management excavates and exposes the intentions that the researchers themselves may not be aware, and provides action in synch with the phase toward production of innovation.” We analyze that there was a dynamic model at GIRIO from its inception, and in that sense it was different from the sheltered space concept. In this paper, we explained Professor Lester’s sheltered space and stated the difference from excited oscillation model.3 Effect of the modelQuestion and comment (Naoto Kobayashi)While the proposed “excited oscillation model” is extremely interesting, why have there been just a few results that lead to major innovations in the later Agency of Industrial Technology and Science?Answer (Osamu Nakamura)I think there were several cases where results led to major innovations during the time of Agency of Industrial Technology and Science. After reorganization to AIST, there have been more opportunities and efforts than before to send research out into society and to promote innovation, through the “Full Research” method. In this paper, we looked at the carbon fiber at GIRIO, but in the future we shall select both old and new cases, study their processes, and help build up the innovation model.

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