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Research paper : Study on the PAN carbon-fiber-innovation for modeling a successful R&D management (O. Nakamura et al.)−163−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.2 No.2 (2009) reasons the Japanese companies conquered the world in this area were:(1) The American and European companies dropped out in the technological innovation competition(2) The Japanese companies continued long-term investment in R&D, and(3) The Japanese government continued to support the R&D.(Cited from Minoru Yoshinaga (Japan Carbon Manufacturers Association): Innovative materials of the 21st century lead by Japan – carbon fibers that contribute to low-carbon society,” Material 4-1 (April 21, 2009) distributed at the 80th Council for Science and Technology Policy.)M. Ishii: Dokusoteki Na Shohin Kaihatsu O Ninau Kenkyusha Gijutsusha No Kenkyu (Research of Researchers and Engineers Who Engage in Original Product Development), National Institute of Science and Technology Policy, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (2005) (in Japanese).A. Shindo: Tanso sen’i no kenkyu kaihatsu (Research and development of carbon fiber), Kinki Kagaku Kogyokai, 611, 5-8 (2004) (in Japanese).Japan Industrial Technology Association: Heisei 18 Nendo Kogyo Gijutsuin Homerun Tokkyo No Chosa Bunseki Hyoka Hokoku (Report of Survey and Analysis of Homerun Patents at Agency of Industrial Science and Technology 2006), (2007) (in Japanese).A. Shindo: Tanso sen’i no kenkyu – netsu shori ni tomonau kesshoshi no seicho (Study of carbon fiber – Growth of crytallite in heat treatment), Osaka Kogyo Gijutsu Shikenjo Kiho (GIRIO Seasonal Report), 12(2), 110-118 (1961) (in Japanese).A. Shindo, R. Fujii and T. Sengoku: Tokkyo (Patent Application Publication) Sho 37-4405 “Akuriru nitoriru kei gosei kobunshi butsu yori tanso seihin o seizo suru hoho”(“Method for manufacturing carbon product from acrylonitrile synthetic macromolecular substance”), (1959) (in Japanese).A. Shindo, R. Fujii, A. Takahashi and T. Sengoku: Kokuen sen’i no kenkyu (dai 1 po) netsu shori ni tomonau kesshoshi no seicho (Study of graphite fiber (1st report) - Growth of crystallite in heat treatment, Kagaku Kankeigaku Kyokai Rengo Shuki Happyokai (Annual Meeting of Union of Chemistry-Related Societies), (1959) (in Japanese).“Atarashi tanso zairyo – kokuen sen’i no seizo – (“New carbon material – Manufacture of graphite fiber”), Daikoshi News (GIRIO News), 3(11), (1959) (in Japanese).A. Shindo: Studies on graphite fibre, Osaka Kogyo Gijutsu Shikenjo Hokoku (GIRIO Report) 317 (1961).GIRIO: 1959 GIRIO Annual Report, (1959) (in Japanese).Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun, May 29, 1959, Page 16, (1959) (in Japanese).GIRIO: Osaka Kogyo Gijutsu Shikenjo Gojunenshi (Fifty Years History of GIRIO), (1968) (in Japanese).R.K. Lester and M.J. Piore: Innovation - The Missing Dimension, Harvard University Press (2004). [Japanese translation by N. Yoda: Innovation, Seisansei Shuppan (2006).S.J. Kline: Innovation is not a linear process, Research Management, 28(4), 36-45 (1985).[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]ReferencesAuthorsOsamu NakamuraWithdrew from the doctorate course at the Graduate School of Science, Osaka University in 1973. After some time at the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, joined GIRIO in 1974. After 1998, appointed director of Ehime Institute of Industrial Technology, acting director of AIST Kansai, and council member of Evaluation Division. Studied the contribution of research results to society from the aspects of management and evaluation of research organization. In this paper, based on his own experiences at GIRIO and Osaka National Research Institute, and from the interviews to people involved, built the framework of the paper and selected the points of emphasis.Tsuguyori OhanaCompleted the master’s course in Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University. Joined the National Chemical Laboratory for Industry, which became the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, which now is AIST. Planning officer of the Research and Innovation Promotion Office from May 2007 to August 2008. Currently, appointed to the Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute. Doctor (Engineering). In this paper, in charge of collecting and analyzing resource materials. Studied the background through interviews with Dr. Shindo.Masato TazawaCompleted the master’s course in Applied Physics, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, and joined the National Industrial Research Institute, Nagoya (GIRIN, currently AIST Chubu). Doctor of Science. General planning officer of the Research and Innovation Promotion Office from April 2007 to April 2008. In this paper, interviewed people involved and compiled the information.Shinji YokotaAfter working at the Institute of Future Technology, appointed senior researcher at the National Institute of Science and Technology Policy, MEXT from 2001 to 2006. Joined AIST in 2006. After working at the Technological Information Department, appointed general officer of the Research and Innovation Promotion Office. Visiting researcher at the National Institute of Science and Technology Policy from 2006, and surveyed science and technology policies (technology foresight, evaluation of effect of science and technology, etc.). Currently, engaged in development of a calculation method estimating science-based innovation impact at AIST, as well as research on innovation system of public research. In this paper, in charge of overall editing, mainly on interpretation of facts and composition of the model.Wataru ShinodaCompleted the doctorate course at the Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1998. Doctor of Science. After working at the Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, joined the National Institute of Materials and Chemical Research, which became AIST after reorganization. Planning officer at the Research and Innovation Promotion Office from June 2008 to May 2009. In this paper, in charge of collecting and compiling

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