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Research paper : Development of high-sensitivity molecular adsorption detection sensors (M. Fujimaki et al.)−152−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.2 No.2 (2009) AuthorMakoto FujimakiCompleted the doctoral course at Waseda University in 1998. Doctor (Engineering). Engaged in research of optical communication devices at Waseda University and Montreal University in the Research Fellowships of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientist. Engaged in development of power electronics devises and optical communication elements at the Electrotechnical Laboratory as Domestic Research Fellow, Japan Science and Technology Corpration. After serving as an associate professor of Waseda University, joined AIST in 2004. Works on the development of biosensing technology using near-field optics. Appointed director of AIST Technology Transfer Venture, and works to commercialize the technology developed at AIST. In this paper, mainly worked on the optical design and integrated the overall concept.Koichi AwazuCompleted the doctoral course at the Tokyo Institute of Technology in 1991. Doctor (Engineering). Joined the Electrotechnical Laboratory in 1991, and engaged in research of accelerator application engineering. Visiting researcher at the Montreal University from 1996 to 1998. Chief researcher at the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization from 2001 to 2002. Visiting professor at the Institute for Molecular Science from 2002 to 2004. Team leader of the Center for Applied Near-Field Optics Research from 2003. Visiting professor at the Faculty of Engineering, The University of Tokyo from 2005. Engages in research of nanophotonics, as well as in fused discipline of medicine and beam application. In this paper, investigated nanopore formation technology and waveguide formation technology.Discussion with Reviewers1 R&D scenarioQuestion (Naoto Kobayashi, AIST Special Advisor)It is clear that we need the development of ultra-sensitive molecule sensors. What effects that were unseen before can we expect when the results are achieved in this R&D? Is it merely that we get higher sensitivity, more stability, and easier to use sensors compared to conventional ones? If those are the results, what differences do increased sensitivity and stability make? Please explain those points and also describe the R&D scenario leading up to this.Answer (Makoto Fujimaki)In sensor development, improvement of sensitivity and stability is number one. Also, other important points include accurate identification of the sample or low-noise detection. References[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]W. Knoll: Optical characterization of organic thin films and interfaces with evanescent waves, MRS Bulletin 16, 29-39 (1991).W. Knoll: Interfaces and thin films as seen by bound electromagnetic waves, Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 49, 569-638 (1998).E. Kretschmann: Die bestimmung optischer konstanten von metallen durch anregung von oberflächenplasmaschwingungen, Z. Physik 241, 313-324 (1971).M. Fujimaki, C. Rockstuhl, X. Wang, K. Awazu, J. Tominaga, T. Ikeda, Y. Koganezawa and Y. Ohki: Biomolecular sensors utilizing waveguide modes excited by evanescent fields, J. Microscopy 229, 320-326 (2008).M. Fujimaki, C. Rockstuhl, X. Wang, K. Awazu, J. Tominaga, N. Fukuda, Y. Koganezawa and Y. Ohki: The design of evanescent-field-coupled waveguide-mode sensors, Nanotechnology 19, 095503-1-7 (2008).J. Y. Douillard and T. Hoffman: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent-assay for screening monoclonal-antibody production using enzyme-labeled second antibody, Methods in Enzymology 92, 168-174 (1983).K. Awazu, C. Rockstuhl, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukuda, J. Tominaga, T. Komatsubara, T. Ikeda and Y. Ohki: High sensitivity sensors made of perforated waveguides, Opt. Express 15, 2592-2597 (2007).M. Fujimaki, C. Rockstuhl, X. Wang, K. Awazu, J. Tominaga, T. Ikeda, Y. Ohki and T. Komatsubara: Nanoscale pore fabrication for high sensitivity waveguide-mode biosensors, Microelectron. Eng. 84, 1685-1689 (2007).R. G. Musket, J. M. Yoshiyama, R. J. Contolini and J. D. Porter: Vapor etching of ion tracks in fused silica, J. Appl. Phys. 91, 5760-5764 (2002).M. Osterfeld, H. Franke and C. Feger: Optical gas detection using metal film enhanced leaky mode spectroscopy, Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 2310-2312 (1993).K. H. A. Lau, L. S. Tan, K. Tamada, M. S. Sander and W. Knoll: Highly sensitive detection of processes occurring inside nanoporous anodic alumina templates: A waveguide optical study, J. Phys. Chem. B 108, 10812-10818 (2004).T. Abe, K. Sunagawa, A. Uchiyama, K. Yoshizawa and Y. Nakazato: Fabrication and bonding strength of bonded Term 3.Term 4.Term 5.evanescent wave can couple with surface plasmon. That means the surface plasmon can be excited by the evanescent field.Evanescent field: When light is reflected, it penetrates into the medium that is reflecting the light. The electromagnetic field that penetrates the medium is called the evanescent field. Under total reflection condition, light penetrates into the medium with low refractive index to about one wavelength.Streptavidin: A glycoprotein with molecular weight of about 60,000. It has extremely high affinity to biotin, and the biotin-streptavidin adsorption reaction is used to bind various biomolecules and nanoparticles.Biotin: Molecular weight 244.31, molecular equation C10H16N2O3S. It is also called vitamin B7 or vitamin H.[13][14][15]silicon-quartz wafers, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 334-337 (1993).M. Fujimaki, C. Rockstuhl, X. Wang, K. Awazu, J. Tominaga, Y. Koganezawa, Y. Ohki and T. Komatsubara: Silica-based monolithic sensing plates for waveguide-mode sensors, Opt. Express 16, 6408-6416 (2008).B. E. Deal and A. S. Grove: General relationship for the thermal oxidation of silicon, J. Appl. Phys. 36, 3770-3778 (1965).R. K. Lester and N. Kobayashi: Hope for Synthesiology – Discussion with Professor Lester, Synthesiology 1, 139-143 (2008) (in Japanese).

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