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Research paper : How Grid enables E-Science? (Y. Tanaka)−43−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.2 No.1 (2009) a lack of knowledge on the past of the reviewer, and it’s totally different from what it was before, and it is now within reach?”Answer (Yoshio Tanaka)While many of the basic technologies of the grid are maturing, I think the reason it does not feel quite familiar is because there are some outstanding technological issues, particularly in the computation grid, and there are very few case studies or success stories using the grid. However, the grid is at the level where it can accomplish a lot with currently available technologies, and in fact, the GEO Grid is capable of responding to the demands of the earth science researchers by combining current technologies. I added this point to chapter 1. The objective of this study, as mentioned in the Answer for Discussion 1, conforms to this explanation.3 SecurityQuestion and comment (Kazuhito Ohmaki)I think the issue of security is always a problem, whether past or present, in the VO concept. Is that the only remaining issue, and if this is solved will it become sort of operational? Or, is there some other factor? Or will it be solved if a de jure standard is employed? I would like to see some mention of the “issues,” particularly those pertaining to grid technology.Answer (Yoshio Tanaka)For security, I think the technology that can be put to practical operation is already established for most science and technology fields. I think there are three factors or problems in grid technology: many of the grid middleware suite cannot be easily installed or set. They are not user friendly in terms of important issues such as handling of user certificates, etc. And the key technology, a metascheduler, is still in the research phase. Detailed explanations of these problems were added to “Issues to be solved” in chapter 6. 4 Strategy and scenarioQuestion and comment (Naoto Kobayashi)GEO Grid, as an application of grid technology, is an extremely effective technology that may help solve many issues of the 21st century, where society must become sustainable through prevention of global warming, resource conservation, disaster projection and prevention, and efficient land use.Based on the above viewpoint, the papers of Synthesiology emphasize the relationship of the research objective and society, as well as the importance of this scenario. In this paper, I see the greater objective concept, but I think the specific research objective is unclear. I understand ultimately that the essence of the grid technology is for everyone to be able to conduct information processing freely, utilizing CPU resources and databases that are distributed in several different places, as if they exist in one’s own computer or in the close proximity, without being conscious of the existence of the grid technology. If that is true, I think you should have an explanation of what is the final objective of the GEO Grid in this research project, and to what phase you wanted to attain in this paper amongst the greater objectives. I expect also to see some explanation of the strategy and scenario for that purpose.Answer (Yoshio Tanaka)As you pointed out, the final objective of the GEO Grid and the current level of achievement were not clear, so I added the final goal in chapter 1, as follows: “The objective of this research is to build an E-Science infrastructure using the grid as the basis of the GEO Grid, to provide a research environment for earth science researchers, and to clarify and to solve the issues in the way of a full realization of its potential in wide-ranging science and technology fields. The aim is thus to contribute to the creation of innovation in the science and technology fields.”AuthorYoshio TanakaReceived doctor’s degree from Keio University in 1995. Doctor of Engineering. Joined the Real World Computing Project in April 1996. Joined the Electrotechnical Laboratory, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology in April 2000, which became the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) in April 2001. Joined the Grid Technology Research Center, AIST in January 2002. Became senior researcher of the Information Technology Research Institute, AIST in April 2008. Interested in grid programming and grid security. Chairman of the Asia Pacific Grid Policy Management Authority (APGrid PMA), and co-chairman of the Open Grid Forum Certificate Operations Working Group.Discussion with Reviewers1 Readers of the paperQuestion and comment (Kazuhito Ohmaki)I think the objective of the paper, or who (what kind of people) you wish would read the paper, is unclear. Do you wish to say, “This is an age where the world is full of software with excellent function rolling around like PDS, and if we pick them up and combine them, we can make incredible things, and fairly high performance can be obtained by presenting core competence?” And then, do you want to present grid technology as an example to a wide range of software engineers to give them assurance, or do you want to say that although the application is now for geology, the range must widen to astronomy and the environment? Or do you want to emphasize that it is an age where software or data should be presented as a “service?” Or is it all of the above? I think you should explain the objectives more clearly with more words in the “introduction” or the “discussion” and “conclusion” sections.Answer (Yoshio Tanaka)The main purpose of this paper is to contribute to the creation of innovation in science and technology by promoting the diffusion of grid technology and E-Science infrastructure by using that technology, and to demonstrate the construction of an E-Science infrastructure using grid technology, with GEO Grid as an example, and finally, to make all of this available to researchers in wide-ranging fields of science and technology. Also, I wish to show that a large-scale system can be realized easily if the basic technologies are implemented according to standard protocols and APIs. I wish to emphasize the importance of standardization and collaboration with overseas institutions in developing each basic technology. I also wish to point out that in constructing a large-scale system, it is not realistic to development everything on your own, and it is important to reduce the development cost by actively using available technology, while maintaining the core competence. I added some explanation in chapter 1 to clarify these themes. I also modified the abstract.2 “Distributed computing”Question and comment (Kazuhito Ohmaki)Although I think the idea of grid technology for connecting high-speed computers is important and interesting, from a layman’s point of view, I don’t feel that the concept of grid has become any more familiar than it was 10 years ago, when it was first proposed. Or, do you think it is correct to say, “No, that is

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