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Research paper : How Grid enables E-Science? (Y. Tanaka)−42−Synthesiology - English edition Vol.2 No.1 (2009) maintaining the core competence.8 Summary and future issuesThis paper reported on the findings obtained through the design, implementation, and actual operation of the GEO Grid information infrastructure. The way of thinking about VOs in E-Science and methods to realize management, authorization, and approval of user accounts were discussed. In the GEO Grid information infrastructure, all computation and data resources are provided as usable services via a standard protocol. The research community forms a VO, and the required services are combined and provided to users within the VO. A security infrastructure that is scalable to the number of users is implemented through approval at VO level, as is flexible access control based on the policy of the service provider, through an authorization mechanism using the VOMS attribute.The plan is to evaluate and brush up the system through on-going operations while continuing to work on R&D for the issues mentioned in chapter 6. About a year and half had passed since the start of system development of the GEO Grid, and it was possible to construct a system suitable for practical use, surpassing the prototype stage. However, about a two to three year period of R&D is still necessary for the full realization of the system by solving the remaining issues.AcknowledgementsThis research was conducted as the researchers of the application and information fields of the GEO Grid project engaged in active discussions on system requirements and solutions. I thank all the researchers who participated in the GEO Grid project. I received advice on OGSA-DAI from Dr. Neil Chue Hong of the UK E-Science Centre and Dr. Valerio Venturi of OMII Europe. I had useful discussions on OGSA-DQP with Dr. Steven Lynden of AIST. Also, I received various advice on VOMS, LCAS/LCMAPS, and Gridsite from Dr. David Groep of the Dutch National Institute for Nuclear and High Energy Physics. I am grateful for their contributions.References[1][2][3][4]I. Foster and C. Kesselman Ed.: The Grid: Blueprint for a New Computing Infrastructure, 2nd edition, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers (2004).S. Sekiguchi, Y. Tanaka, I. Kojima, N. Yamamoto, S. Yokoyama, Y. Tanimura, R. Nakamura, K. Iwao and S. Tsuchida: Design principle and IT overview of GEO Grid, IEEE Systems Journal, 2 (3), 374-389 (2008).Y. Tanaka, N. Yamamoto and T. Sekiguchi: Design and implementation of security infrastructure of the GEO Grid, IPSJ Transactions on Advanced Computing Systems, 1 (2), 169-179 (2008) (in Japanese).Y. Tanaka, I. Kojima, N. Yamamoto, S. Yokoyama, Y. 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