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Research paper−103 Synthesiology - English edition Vol.1 No.2 (2008) (8)A service is unique to human, had existed before the establishment of industry, and was the major motivation for human to form a society[3].(9)Because, as an artifact, industrial product manufactured is a carrier of an intended function, manufacturing industry and service industry are not separated but are mutually and complexly related[2].(10)Because the purpose of products made by manufacturing industry is to strengthen or amplify services, service industry ideologically includes the manufacturing industry[3].Here, service is identified by its meaning or value to human, and therefore it cannot be discussed in terms of physics, and must be discussed in terms of function study. However, there is no study of function that compares the consistency of physics, and since function study is an emerging discipline[4][5], service engineering must evolve side by side with the basic function study or contribute to its advancement. This is a difficult issue revealed in this paper. However, if this issue is encountered frequently, it may mean service research has a great potential to contribute to the advancement of function study.In the service engineering, functions and values are discussed separately. The function is thought not dependent on personal subjectivity. On the other hand, the value lies within a person because it is dependent on human values, and thus the value cannot be discussed without considering the fact that people seek different values in a certain object. Human value is an issue that transcends service engineering, and this issue will not be addressed here, although it must be inevitably addressed when discussing specific service. However, when the word “value” is used to mean some agreement within the society, it will be specified in this paper as “a social value.”Currently, the perspective of nature providing services to 1 IntroductionThis paper describes a system necessary to discuss service from an engineering perspective. The system is synthesized as a “product” that is to be usefully utilized for improving real services, and the synthetic process of the system is clarified as explicitly as possible within this paper. The system must clarify objectives, range, and related disciplines of service engineering, as well as extract concepts that are necessary to address the service theoretically and to clarify relationships among concepts. Also, the service engineering must promote reconsideration of society and industry from a perspective of service, creation of new service and its industrialization, extraction of elemental technologies for service and their improvement, and improvement of service productivity in the current industry etc.The basic stance of this paper for considering service is stated here. Although the following points have been discussed earlier by the Author et al[1]-[3]., they will be summarized to set a starting point of the paper.(1) Human possesses an ability to manifest function[1].(2) All things have functions[1].(3) A function is recognized as being meaningful or valuable to human[1].(4)Both natural and artificial things have functions, but the function of artifact contains the intent of the manufacturer[1].(5)A value of thing is not in the object itself, but is in its function[2].(6)A function is latent and becomes manifest through an action or a use. However, a different function is manifested depending on the mode of the action or the use[1].(7)A service is manifest function[3].- A framework for theoretical study of the service engineering -Hiroyuki YoshikawaPresident, AIST Kasumigaseki 1-3-1, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8921, Japan E-mail : This paper proposes a framework for a theoretical and systematic study of service engineering. In this framework, primitive service is defined as a person (donor) donates a service to another person (receptor), and the service effect occurs when the receptor receives the service donated by the donor. The conventional service is amplified primitive service through some medium. The service industry is a complex system composed of those conventional services, in which primitive services are amplified and organized by diverse tools and various social mechanisms.Introduction to service engineeringKeywords : Service science, theoretical framework, function, amplification, service industry[Translation from Synthesiology, Vol.1, No.2, p.111-122 (2008)](31)−

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