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Research paper : Development of a small-size cogeneration system using thermoelectric power generation (R. Funahashi et al.)−92 Synthesiology - English edition Vol.1 No.2 (2008) module realization, as described in the paper, went smoother than expected due to various collaborations and information gathering. Rather than technological matters, the real difficulty in realizing thermoelectric generation was to create value for thermoelectric conversion technology. We did not suddenly come up with small gas cogeneration system. We looked at the merit and demerits and listened to opinions of users in several fields, and finally arrived at the idea of topping, with specific application to a small gas cogeneration system.2 Future research topicsQuestion (Naoto Kobayashi)As described in the paper, I think a major contribution can be made to energy conservation if the waste heat recovery becomes possible through an efficient thermoelectric generation system at high temperatures. I think this R&D effort is a milestone, but what is the greatest issue that must be overcome in the future?Answer (Ryoji Funahashi)They are mass production and improved reliability of the module. Of course, search for new materials is necessary because of the current low conversion efficiency, but I think the immediate task is to build a market for thermoelectric conversion that can be realized at the current performance.3 Prospect for n-type thermoelectric material developmentQuestion (Naoto Kobayashi)I understood that in this R&D, compared to the high-performance p-type thermoelectric oxide material, the performance of n-type thermoelectric oxide material is not so good, and this is a major issue in the future research. Please explain the strategy and prospect for the future development of n-type thermoelectric material.Answer (Ryoji Funahashi)We have two strategies for material development. One is development of material to be used in the thermoelectric conversion market that will be developed in the near future. This is not development of totally unknown material, but we plan to improve the performance of Ni and Mn oxides that were described here through element addition and process technologies. Moreover, current performances of both p- and n-types are insufficient to expand the thermoelectric conversion market. It is necessary to create a totally new substance using crystal structure control by nanotechnology or high-efficiency search by combinatorial technology.4 Efficacy of heat recovery system from high temperaturesQuestion (Naoto Kobayashi)For the development of small cogeneration system, I think it was highly significant that you conducted verification of the system. Also, this small-size verified system is most likely effective for general heat energy use such as electric conversion at high temperatures, heat use in medium temperature, and use of high-temperature steam. In actual practical application, other than water heater, how do you the think heat recovery from high temperature by topping can be used?Answer (Ryoji Funahashi)Basically, I think it can be installed in any system that involves heat exchange with water. For example, I think it can be used for boiler fin, which is much larger than home water heater. The important point is not to depart from the main objective of the original system. Also, I think solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is a candidate. The operating temperature of SOFC is decreasing every year with technological progress. Therefore, the temperature margin is formed on the high temperature side. I think this margin can be used effectively for thermoelectric conversion.5 Effect of the result of this research on thermoelectric generation marketQuestion (Naoto Kobayashi)Concerning the effect of the result of this research on thermoelectric generation market, what level of innovation do you think will be introduced to the market compared to current technologies and products?Answer (Ryoji Funahashi)There is no market for thermoelectric generation yet. Therefore, as explained in the paper, we must assess the value of thermoelectric generation from a different angle to build the thermoelectric market. We are planning to establish a venture company to do this.(20)−

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