Vol.1 No.3 2008

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−241 AbstractsSynthesiology Vo.1 No.3(2008)A new density standard replaced from water- Using silicon single-crystals as the top of traceability in density measurement -Kenichi FujiiNational Metrology Institute of Japan, AISTUmezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8563, JapanE-mail: In order to measure and calibrate the density, volume, and concentration of substances, water has been used as a density standard. Not only as a density standard, but also for measuring other properties, such as specific heat and surface tension, water is often used. Since it became evident that the density of water changes depending on its isotopic compositions and dissolved gasses in it, silicon single-crystals have been considered to be more stable materials for measuring the density. Recently for clarifying the traceability in measurement and improving the reliability in the products, more precise density measurements have been needed in the society and industry. Considering these circumstances, AIST established a more precise density standard system using silicon single-crystals as density standard reference materials. Shifting the density standard from liquid to solid introduces not only an improvement of uncertainty in measurement, but also new evaluation techniques for material science and new metrological standards for the next generation.A rationalization guideline for the utilization of energy and resources considering total manufacturing processes- An exergy analysis of aluminum casting processes -Hideki Kita*, Hideki Hyuga and Naoki KondoAdvanced Manufacturing Research Institute, AISTAnagahora 2266, Shimo-Shidami, Moriyama, Nagoya 463-8560, JapanE-mail: For reducing the environmental burden as well as improving the efficiency in manufacturing, it is necessary to find the resources and energy consumption process which starts from an individual stage and spreads to overall. In this study, first, exergy analysis was conducted on the production systems of ceramic and steel heat-tubes, which are used in molten aluminum, and they were compared. Secondly, the same analysis was performed on the whole aluminum casting processes. On the basis of these results, rationalization guideline for the effective use of resources and energy in casting process could be obtained.(72)−

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