Abstract
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.5 No.3 |
Research papers | Developing an evaluation system of visually induced motion sickness for safe usage of moving images [PDF:1.5MB] − Fermentation of a social understanding to supply secure and comfortable images through integration of researches on human characteristics, image analysis technique and image production technique − |
We have developed an evaluation system of moving images by estimating temporal variations of discomfort levels of visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) caused by the images. The system is useful for making image producers understand the importance of reducing the possibility of VIMS. | Hiroyasu Ujike |
| Spinning process using robot technology [PDF:1.4MB] − Field-based bricolage of manufacturing technology − |
Metal spinning is a plastic forming method in which a rotating metal material is pushed by a roller to form a product. It is suitable for the production of a wide variety of products in small quantities owing to the low cost of forming dies. We have achieved the fabrication of noncircular shapes by using robot technology, which is difficult to realize by conventional methods. | Hirohiko Arai | ||
| International cooperation for the utilization of earth observational data in an integrated manner [PDF:1.1MB] − Development of de jure standardization of the common infrastructure for the global earth observation system of systems − |
While each country separately obtains, processes, and utilizes earth observation data, there is a pressing need for a common infrastructure to facilitate integrated use of these resources. At an intergovernmental meeting, an international agreement was reached to construct a common infrastructure for the global earth observation system. | Koki Iwao | ||
| Development of a pressure sensor using a piezoelectric material thin film [PDF:1.9MB] − Application to a combustion pressure sensor for mass-produced cars − |
In this paper, we show the process of research and development of a combustion pressure sensor using an aluminum nitride (AlN) thin film, which we developed for the first time in the world. At the time we envisaged the R&D in 2003, most sensors used a piezoelectric single crystal. |
Morito Akiyama, et al. |
||
| Novel functional gels and their commercial distribution as chemical reagents [PDF:1.1MB] − New development of functional soft-materials − |
We have recently developed novel gel-forming materials based on organic electrolytes. The organic electrolytes can be prepared by a simple one-pot reaction applicable to large-scale production. The materials show the following remarkable characteristics. (a) They can be used for gelation of not only water but also electrolyte solutions of polar organic solvents including ionic liquids. | Masaru Yoshida | ||
| Evaluating the effects of actions taken to attract visitors to sightseeing areas [PDF:1MB] − An Open Service Field behavior survey technology − |
Every year, actions are taken to attract more visitors to sightseeing areas, yet the effects of these actions are rarely evaluated. Basic data for assessing effects can be obtained by measuring the change in visitation patterns upon the introduction of actions. We did not have the technology, however, to track the migration behavior quantitatively and successively with reasonable cost. | Yoshinobu Yamamoto | ||
| Development of basic tools for glycoscience and their application to cancer diagnosis [PDF:1.5MB] − A 10-year strategy of the Research Center for Medical Glycoscience of AIST − |
We proposed a 10-year strategy for the development of a new scientific field, glycoscience. Initially, we developed basic technological tools to help scientists and engineers entering this field. As the first project, we exhaustively discovered glycogenes and carried out their functional analyses. | Hisashi Narimatsu | ||
| Round-table talks | Creation of values and synthesis [PDF:545KB] |
Professor Masatoshi Ishikawa of the University of Tokyo stated that the creation of new social value is necessary in addition to the analytical pursuit of truth. As the Executive Vice President of the University of Tokyo from April 2004 to March 2006, he worked to develop a system for transferring highly original research results from academia to society. | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.5 No.2 |
Research papers | Paleoclimate reconstruction and future forecast based on coral skeletal climatology [PDF:1.8MB] − Understanding the oceanic history through precise chemical and isotope analyses of coral annual bands − |
Global warming (due to increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) has attracted much attention. Yet, predicting trends in the Earth's climate remains difficult. A more sophisticated and accurate global warming model can be obtained by reconstructing climatic change since the Industrial Revolution, and other past periods of warming. | Atsushi Suzuki |
| Development of methane hydrate production method [PDF:1.5MB] − A large-scale laboratory reactor for methane hydrate production tests − |
Natural gas hydrates off the shores of Japan are valuable resources for the country. To utilize these resources, it is necessary to establish a gas production technology and investigate suitable conditions for extraction of methane from methane hydrate reservoirs. While corescale dissociation experiments yield reproducible results on how methane hydrate dissociates under various conditions, | Jiro Nagao | ||
| Toward the integrated optimization of steel plate production process [PDF:1.8MB] − A proposal for production control by multi-scale hierarchical modeling − |
Integrated optimization of production in the steel industry to simultaneously minimize lead time and improve productivity is a real challenge. Lean manufacturing, recognized as a leading successful example of such optimization, is characterized by synchronization of time scale of production with that of the mainline. | Kiyoshi Nishioka, et.al. |
||
| Information sharing platform to assist rescue activities in huge disasters [PDF:3.6MB] − System linkage via data mediation − |
Various "unexpected" situations caused by the Great East Japan Earthquake severely hampered disaster-control systems of Japanese national and local governments. A flexible framework for disaster information systems that is reorganizable depending on circumstances is required to mitigate such serious situations. | Itsuki Noda | ||
| Round-table talks | Science and technology policy and synthesiology–Bridging science and values [PDF:471KB] |
One of the aims of the Fourth Science and Technology Basic Plan, which was decided by the Government of Japan last August, is to create "solution-seeking" or "issue-driven" innovations such as green innovation and life innovation. The Research Institute of Science and Technology for Society, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST-RISTEX) is promoting various R&D programs that lead to the implementation of the research results in society. | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.5 No.1 |
Research papers | Construction of a traceability matrix for high quality project management [PDF:2.2MB] − A proposal of a basic theory toward a change from process-centric management to information-centric project management − |
Design information is important for software development projects because it determines their cost and product. In this research, a model has been made which can trace how information moves in a project by paying attention to the design information which is hard to trace by process-centric project management. | Akihiro Sakaedani, et al. |
| Research and development of a monopivot centrifugal blood pump for clinical use [PDF:1.2MB] − Collaboration for a product between medical and engineering teams − |
AIST succeeded in developing a circulatory assist centrifugal pump, which can be used as a bridge-to-bridge device of a period within four weeks before a long-term use of ventricular assist device. The adopted mechanism of monopivot bearing was originally proposed by AIST. | Takashi Yamane, et al. |
||
| An analysis method for oxygen impurity in magnesium and its alloys [PDF:1.8MB] − International standardization activity in parallel with R&D − |
A simple and reliable analysis method has been developed to measure oxygen impurity in magnesium (Mg) and its alloys. Instead of directly analyzing oxygen impurity of an analyte, a multi-step heating-up method has been invented, in which oxide, compound of oxygen impurity with metals, is first separated from an analyte and then oxygen content analysis is carried out. | Akira Tsuge, et al. |
||
| Analysis of synthetic approaches described in papers of the journal Synthesiology [PDF:2.1MB] − Towards establishing synthesiological methodology for bridging the gap between scientific research results and society − |
The methodology of synthesis has been studied by analyzing 70 papers published in the academic journal, Synthesiology, launched in 2008. As a result, it has been found that each technological field has its distinctive features, e.g. there are many break-through type syntheses in biotechnology and nanotechnology, and the strategic selection types are commonly observed in the metrology and measurement field. | Naoto Kobayashi, et al. |
||
| Durable polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFC) for residential co-generation application [PDF:1.1MB] − Elucidation of degradation mechanism to establish an accelerated aging test method of PEFC − |
Co-generation system using clean and compact PEFC which makes highly efficient power generation possible, promotes considerable energy savings at home since it provides both heat and electricity together. Therefore, its commercialization has been expected. The goal of 40000-hour-operation has been set as a practical target. | Kazumi Tanimoto, et al. |
||
| Report | Synthesiology through knowledge integration to innovation [PDF:729KB] |
This is a report of the synthesiology workshop "Synthesiology through knowledge integration to innovation" at the Annual Conference of the Japan Society for Science Policy and Research Management, held at the Tokiwa Campus, Yamaguchi University in October 2011. | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.4 No.4 |
Research papers | Development of high efficiency flexible solar cells [PDF:1.2MB] − Management of "Flexible Solar Cell Substrates Consortium" and its achievements − |
Elemental technological challenges required for the development of flexible solar cells have been clarified and a consortium system to solve the problems has been established based on industry-academia-government collaboration. The technology to form texture on polymer base materials indispensable for high efficiency has been developed, | Atsushi Masuda |
| Safety assessment of high-level nuclear waste disposal in Japan from the standpoint of geology [PDF:1.3MB] − Methodology of long-term forecast using geological history − |
Concerning the geological disposal system of high-level nuclear waste, the term subject to safety assessment of the system after closure is considered to exceed several hundred thousand years. We are faced with the major issues of how to guarantee such long-term safety and on what kind of criteria the system should be regulated. | Takahiro Yamamoto | ||
| Improvement of reliability in pressure measurements and international mutual recognition [PDF:2MB] − Incorporation of industrial digital pressure gauges to the national metrology system − |
Reliable pressure measurements provide the basis for all activities in society and industry, and every country shows considerable interest in them in international trade. Recently, characteristics of industrial digital pressure gauges and the short- and long-term stabilities as well as the stability under environment change and during transportation have been improved remarkably. | Tokihiko Kobata, et.al. |
||
| Efficient production of active form of vitamin D3 by microbial conversion [PDF:1MB] − Comprehensive approach from the molecular to the cellular level − |
Conversion processes of organic compounds using biocatalyst generally have high regio- and stereo-selectivity, and are becoming increasingly important for efficient production of chemicals. In addition, biocatalysis is less hazardous, less polluting and less energy-consuming than the conventional chemical method. | Yoshiaki Yasutake, et.al. |
||
| Round-table talks | Systems and synthesiology [PDF:537KB] |
Editor-in-Chief Ono and Senior Editor Akamatsu of Synthesiology visited Mr. Hiroshi Kuwahara, senior corporate adviser of Hitachi-Maxell, Ltd., former Vice-Chairman of Hitachi, Ltd., and former member of the Council for Science and Technology Policy. Mr. Kuwahara is also the member of the Systems Science and Technology Committee headed by Senior Fellow Hidenori Kimura, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST). | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.4 No.3 |
Research papers | Demonstration test of energy conservation of central air conditioning system at the Sapporo City Office Building [PDF:1.3MB] − Reduction of pump power by flow drag reduction using surfactant − |
In recent years, the amount of carbon dioxide emission in the civilian sector has been increasing. In this experiment, the so-called Toms effect, i.e. the effect of flow drag reduction when surfactant is injected to circulating water, has been verified to reduce the transfer power of circulating water for air conditioning systems of buildings. | Hiromi Takeuchi |
| Designing products and services based on understanding human cognitive behavior [PDF:1MB] − Development of cognitive chrono-ethnography for synthesiological research − |
When technology development is conducted based only on a developer's idea, we face difficulties in realizing products and services that will be well accepted by people. This is because it is difficult for a developer to know precisely how various users think and feel while using products or receiving services under real life situations. | Motoyuki Akamatsu, et al. |
||
| A novel technology for production of drinking water in emergencies [PDF:1.1MB] − Specific material for selective nitrate adsorption − |
Underground water has been used as a suitable drinking water source for a long time. In recent years, however, not a small number of wells have become out of use as a drinking water source owing to pollution with nitrate or nitrite. A mobile water purification system has been developed with advantages in portability and cost to utilize the polluted wells in emergencies. | Akinari Sonoda | ||
| Integrated development of automotive navigation and route guidance system [PDF:756KB] − Product development for realization of dreams and standardization for social acceptance − |
The automotive navigation system has been realized and has become popular along with the rapid development of electronic technology. The needs of people to reach destinations efficiently have pushed its development along with the projects of automotive development. | Hajime Ito | ||
| Innovative electron microscope for light-element atom visualization [PDF:1.8MB] − Development of low-voltage electron microscopes in Triple-C project − |
Today, the demand for techniques to directly visualize the atomic-level structures of nano-materials and so-called soft matter (organic molecules, bio-materials, etc.) is rapidly increasing. Observing these objects using conventional transmission electron microscopes (TEM) and scanning TEM (STEM) often results in serious irradiation-induced structural damage, | Yuta Sato, et al. |
||
| Round-table talks | Research and development of systems science and technology [PDF:456KB] |
The Center for Research and Development Strategy (CRDS) of the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) established the Systems Science Section to review what should be promoted in the area of systems science and technology. | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.4 No.2 |
Research papers | ARGUS: Adaptive Recognition for General Use System [PDF:1.4MB] − Its theoretical construction and applications− |
In recent years, the need for computer vision systems is increasing in various fields, such as security and visual inspection. It is crucial there to realize simple and high-speed practical vision systems. The present paper addresses the author's theoretical research and its applications developed thus far in working toward this goal. | Nobuyuki Otsu |
| Toward the use of humanoid robots as assemblies of content technologies [PDF:1.2MB] − Realization of a biped humanoid robot allowing content creators to produce various expressions − |
A significant feature of humanoid robots is their potential to make various expressions as humans do, and this feature will allow the use of humanoid robots as assemblies of content technologies. Technical issues required for the practical use of humanoid robots are discussed in terms of robot hardware, motion expression generation, vocal expression generation and integrated GUI (Graphical User Interface), | Shin'ichiro Nakaoka, et.al. |
||
| Thermoelectric hydrogen gas sensor [PDF:1.2MB] − Technology to secure safety in hydrogen usage and international standardization of hydrogen gas sensor − |
A thermoelectric hydrogen gas sensor developed for leak detection in hydrogen stations has shown good hydrogen selectivity and wide hydrogen detection concentration ranging from 0.5 ppm to 5 %. We have demonstrated high sensitivity and reliability of the sensor exceeding conventional technology through a field test of one year. We could optimize the following three constituent technology elements to meet the social needs, | Woosuck Shin et.al. |
||
| Demonstration of optical communication network for ultra high-definition image transmission [PDF:1.6MB] − Proof-of-concept experiment of image distribution over the dynamic optical path network − |
In order to overcome the limitation of low-power-consumption and communication capacity of the equipment forming the present communication network, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) has carried out a demonstration of a new prototype optical path network to support the super HD large-capacity image contents era, | Junya Kurumida, et.al. |
||
| Paper supplement to "Study on the PAN carbon-fiber-innovation for modeling a successful R&D management" [PDF:443MB] − An excited-oscillation management model − |
In the paper, "Study on the PAN carbon-fiber-innovation for modeling a successful R&D management", published in Synthesiology, Vol. 2 No. 2, pages 159-169, some errors and inaccurate expressions have been found, which do not sufficiently convey the authors' intentions and could lead to misunderstandings. The errata, additional references, and supplemental commentaries are presented as follows. | Osamu Nakamura, et.al. |
||
| Round-table talks | Third anniversary of Synthesiology [PDF:414KB] |
A roundtable discussion of the authors was held for the third year anniversary of Synthesiology. We asked the authors what they gained from writing for Synthesiology, and their thoughts on the "Discussion with Reviewers" that is the distinguishing characteristic of this journal. | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.4 No.1 |
Research papers | Development of novel chemical reagents for reliable genetic analyses [PDF:845KB] − Process from an original idea to marketing of a chemical product used for life science − |
High performance genetic analysis is an integration of various inter-correlated technologies. Of all the technologies, chemical reagents are indispensible for modifying DNA or RNA, yet the total performance of genetic analysis is sometimes limited by the insufficient capability of reagents. | Yasuo Komatsu, et al. |
| Development of laser-assisted inkjet printing technology [PDF:1.7MB] − Wiring technology to achieve high throughput and fine patterning simultaneously − |
A new technology that can be easily adapted to various circuit designs and production in small lots has been requested in electronic device manufacturing where low cost device fabrication on large area is required. We have developed a laser-assisted inkjet printing technology which can achieve high throughput and fine patterning simultaneously. | Akito Endo, et al. |
||
| Formation of research strategy and synthetic research evaluation based on the strategy [PDF:1.8MB] − Toward research program evaluation as a creative activity − |
Formation of research strategy, and synthetic research evaluation based on the proposed strategy have been considered. The importance of a setup of targets and a scenario of the research program to achieve the targets as a part of strategy formation, and the importance of research evaluation consistent with the research strategy are emphasized. | Naoto Kobayashi, et.al. |
||
| Development and release of a spectral database for organic compounds [PDF:1.1MB] − Key to the continual services and success of a large-scale database − |
The research activities of spectral database for organic compounds (SDBS) in AIST started in 1982. Since then, many parts of research activities have changed while the other parts have remained unchanged for almost 30 years. | Takeshi Saito, et.al. |
||
| Challenge for the development of micro SOFC manufacturing technology [PDF:1.5MB] − Compact SOFC using innovative ceramics integration process − |
Realization of highly efficient SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) modules, which are compact and capable of quick startup and shut-down operation, is strongly expected because it would be useful to solve environmental problems. | Yoshinobu Fujishiro, et.al. |
||
| Round-table talk | "Monozukuri" (manufacturing) of Japan and synthesiology [PDF:564KB] |
New advantage must be added to Japanese manufacturing (monozukuri) for which Japan has held the leading position. To do so, it is necessary to build a new mechanism for research and development and innovation. We heard from the people who have led the Japanese manufacturing about the new strategy for monozukuri, | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Report | Synthesiology Workshop [PDF:665KB] |
The Synthesiology Workshop was held in October 2010 as part of the lecture series for the "AIST Open Lab" organized by the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). This is a report of this workshop. | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.3 No.4 |
Research papers | R&D of SiC semiconductor power devices and strategy towards their practical utilization [PDF:1MB] − The role of AIST in developing new semiconductor devices− |
The realization of SiC semiconductor power devices has been highly exp ected tocontribute to energy saving, however, it requires overcoming various technological barriers. AIST has been contributing to this objective for more than 15 years mainly through | Kazuo Arai |
| Development of single-crystalline diamond wafers [PDF:922KB] − Enlargement of crystal size by microwave plasma CVD and wafer fabrication technology − |
Industrial application of diamond has been limited to the use of its hardness, e.g., in machining tools, because large size crystals of diamond are difficult to synthesize and very expensive. If these problems are solved, it can be used for various purposes. | Akiyoshi Chayahara, et.al. |
||
| Investigation of the distribution of elements of the whole of Japan and their applications [PDF:1MB] − Geochemical map of land and sea of Japan − |
A geochemical map of the whole of Japan has been drawn for the first time by surveying the distribution of elements in land and sea throughout Japan. This map revealed the natural background of the elements distribution and allows us to know the | Noboru Imai | ||
| How car navigation systems have been put into practical use [PDF:1.2MB] − Development management and commercialization process − |
Japanese manufacturers have played key roles in developing practical vehicle navigation systems (hereinafter “NAVS”). The NAVS have spread throughout the world and have become extremely useful. The market size in Japan alone is considered to exceed | Hirosaka Ikeda, et.al. |
||
| New material development by the integration of cast technology and powder metallurgy technology [PDF:1.1MB] − A high-performance hard material which used intermetallic compound for binder phase − |
Hard materials made of ceramics combined with metals are used for dies and cutting tools that support high precision processing technology in Japan. Hard materials, however, need a large amount of rare metals that are scarce as resources as component and |
Keizo Kobayashi, et.al. |
||
| Talk | Clinical research and synthesiology [PDF:987KB] |
Among medical researches, the clinical research utilizes results of the basic research for society in the form of therapy. President Higuchi of the National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP) and Ono, Editor in Chief of Synthesiology discussed the situation of | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.3 No.3 |
Research papers | An optimum design method utilizing a strategic system design concept [PDF:845KB] − Reduction of CO2 emissions at a datacenter by reusing emitted heat for agriculture − |
Datacenters are important infrastructures of information and communication technology (ICT). Reducing electric-power consumption and the CO2 emissions at the centers are urgent issues from the viewpoint of global environmental concerns. | Jiro Fukuda, et al. |
| A methodology for improving reliability of complex systems [PDF:1.3MB] − Synthesis of architectural design method and model checking − |
This paper describes a methodology for decomposing a system specification into component specifications and interface specifications whose cooperative behavior is consistent with each component. The methodology is constructed by a bridge method of | Atsushi Katoh, et al. |
||
| National electrical standards supporting international competition of Japanese manufacturing industries [PDF:1.3MB] − Realization of a new capacitance standard and its traceability system − |
A capacitor or a condenser is one of the most basic electrical devices and is used in various electrical equipments. Recently the electrical equipment industry has been requesting the quality of capacitors to be compatible with international standards; | Yasuhiro Nakamura, et.al. |
||
| Development of a sensor system for animal watching to keep human health and food safety [PDF:1.1MB] − A health monitoring system for chickens by using wireless sensors − |
We have been developing wireless sensor nodes for monitoring animal health and networks that care animal groups. “Animal Watch Sensors” - miniaturized, light, flexible and maintenance-free sensor nodes, will be utilized for the early detection of | Toshihiro Itoh, et.al. |
||
| Interview | Meta-engineering that promotes innovation [PDF:1MB] |
The Engineering Academy of Japan has the Committee on Technology Policy that proposes effective policy upon analyzing what kind of science and technology policies are necessary from the standpoint of engineering for society. Under this committee, | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.3 No.2 |
Research papers | Cyber Assist project as service science [PDF:1.4MB] − A project that began ten years too early − |
The Cyber Assist project was launched in 2000, and its R&D was conducted at the Cyber Assist Research Center at AIST from 2001 to 2005. This project was a leading activity followed by ubiquitous computing and service science in Japan as well as one of | Hideyuki Nakashima, et.al. |
| Graduate education for multi-disciplinary system design and management [PDF:1MB] − Developing leaders of large-scale complex systems − |
“System Design and Management” program, a study that integrates humanities and sciences by crossing many disciplines, is essential to foster talented persons who can lead in the development and operation of large-scale complex systems that are | Naohiko Kohtake, et.al. |
||
| Products and evaluation device of cosmetics for UV protection [PDF:1MB] − AIST commercialization based on regional collaboration that combines the current strategic logic, and an intermediary’s experience and trial-and-error approach − |
We introduce a case study of UV-protective cosmetic product development. Recently, cosmetics need to solve 3 problems simultaneously: 1) UV-protective effect, 2) transparence, and 3) smooth-textured touch. However, the best recipe and usable evaluation | Yasumasa Takao, et.al. |
||
| Establishment of compact processes [PDF:1.1MB] − Integration of high-pressure micro-engineering and supercritical fluid − |
In order to realize sustainable development, it is anticipated that industrial structure, social and technical systems based on large-scale production at concentrated sites must be changed in the near future. Establishment of highly controllable compact | Akira Suzuki, et.al. |
||
| Development of an accurate and cost-effective quantitative detection method for specific gene sequences [PDF:1MB] − Development of a quantitative detection method for specific gene sequences using fluorescence quenching phenomenon − |
DNA and RNA quantifications are essential in various fields such as biomedicine, agriculture, fishery, environment, and food. We have developed an accurate and cost-effective method for the quantification of specific nucleic acid sequences; the method | Naohiro Noda | ||
| Report | Synthesiology: Knowledge for interdisciplinary consilience [PDF:973KB] |
The 3rd Conference organized by the Transdisciplinary Federation of Science and Technology (TFST) was held at the Tohoku University in December 2009. The special session entitled “Synthesiology: Knowledge for Interdisciplinary Consilience” included a | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.3 No.1 |
Research papers | A bioinformatics strategy to produce a cyclically developing project structure [PDF:1MB] − Comprehensive functional analysis of the drug design target genes − |
In the midst of the information flood of biological data, the role of the bioinformatics technology rises. This technology is expected to provide information to reduce the risk in the experiments and to help the designing of the experimental protocol. For this | Makiko Suwa, et al. |
| The advanced geological researches and fundamental national land information [PDF:1.7MB] − Development process of the Geological Map of Japan 1:50,000 − |
The Geological Map of Japan 1:50,000 shows fundamental national land information of the subsurface materials of the district, and is multifariously used for resources development, disaster prevention, siting of industrial activities, environment protection, | Makoto Saito | ||
| Improving the reliability of temperature measurements up to 1550 ºC [PDF:2.2MB] − Establishing the temperature standards and calibration system for thermocouples − |
Since late 1990’s, the reliability of temperature measurements at high temperatures was remarkably upgraded by establishing the national measurement standards for calibration of thermocouples up to 1550 ºC, and by implementing the traceability system. | Masaru Arai, et.al. |
||
| Biomarker analysis on microchips [PDF:963KB] − Development of POCT device for multi-marker analysis − |
Point of care testing (POCT), the analysis of biomarkers at the patient’s side, is a continuously expanding trend in the practice of laboratory diagnosis. Although some POCT devices for the analysis of blood glucose and/or several infectious diseases have been | Masatoshi Kataoka, et.al. |
||
| Development of primary standard for hydrocarbon flow and traceability system of measurement in Japan [PDF:1.2MB] − Approach to construction of an effective and reliable traceability system − |
It is of importance to establish the hydrocarbon flow standard which acts as the basis for vast dealings and taxation for hydrocarbons, enforcement of the policy on energy savings and high quality management of industries. As a result of investigation | Takashi Shimada, et.al. |
||
| A field-scientific approach to Clinico-Informatics [PDF:798KB] − Towards a methodology for technology transfers − |
We propose clinico-informatics, as a research field for dealing with risks of information systems based on informatics. In this paper, we consider a model of technology transfer from the authors’ experiences, i.e. transferring verification technology to industry | Yoshiki Kinoshita, et.al. |
||
| Acquisition of skills on the shop-floor [PDF:1MB] − Visualization and substitution of skills in manufacturing − |
For the purpose of assisting skill transfer training in small and medium manufacturing industry, an acquisition method of judgment skills of experienced factory workers on shop-floors of metal processing such as forging, casting and plating is proposed. | Norio Matsuki | ||
| Secure implementation of cryptographic modules [PDF:2MB] − Development of a standard evaluation environment for side channel attacks − |
The use of cryptographic modules is rapidly expanding throughout the world. Because of this, it is necessary to standardize a security evaluation scheme and to establish a public evaluation and validation program for these modules. Side channel attacks, | Akashi Satoh, et.al. |
||
| Round-table talk | Synthesiology on the Second Anniversary [PDF:1.2MB] |
We have just completed the second year of Synthesiology which was launched in 2008. Four issues each of Volumes 1 and 2 were published during the two years, including 49 research papers and 14 articles and interviews. We received various responses from | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.2 No.4 |
Research papers | Development of a real-time all-in-focus microscope [PDF:1.4MB] − WYSIWYG in the micro-world − |
In this paper, our struggle to realize a high-speed digital processed microscopic observational system for tele-micro-operation with a dynamic focusing system and a high-speed digital-processing system using the “depth from focus” criteria is reported. To | Kohtaro Ohba |
| Portable national length standards designed and constructed using commercially available parts [PDF:1MB] − An advanced mechanical design for the iodine stabilized He-Ne laser − |
The iodine stabilized He-Ne laser at 633 nm is widely used as the national length (wavelength) standards in many countries. Since the wavelength emitted by the laser is directly proportional to the cavity length of the laser, extremely high mechanical sta | Jun Ishikawa | ||
| How the reliable environmental noise measurement is ensured [PDF:1MB] − Development of acoustic standards and a new calibration service system − |
To ensure the reliable results in acoustic measurement such as environmental noise measurement, NMIJ/AIST has developed essential calibration techniques and established a traceability system based on the Japanese Measurement Law with acoustic standards at | Ryuzo Horiuchi | ||
| Bioethanol production from woods with the aid of nanotechnology [PDF:1.6MB] − Pretreatment for enzymatic saccharification using natural structure of cellulose − |
Bioethanol production from woody biomass by enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulosic components and fermentation has attracted much attention. In this process, pretreatment is important to improve enzymatic degradability of cellulose. A milling process is one o | Takashi Endo | ||
| Interviews | Restoration of engineering and Synthesiology [PDF:955KB] |
The Engineering Academy of Japan with its abundant knowledge and experience discusses and issues statements on a variety of topics in engineering. The “Study Group for the Restoration of Engineering” reconsiders the meaning of engineering in the modern | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.2 No.3 |
Research papers | Evaluation of earthquake occurrence from active faults [PDF:920KB] − Evaluation of rupture probabilities of active faults using the Cascade Earthquake Model based on behavioral segmentation − |
In order to assess the probability of the occurrence of future large earthquakes based upon the past activities of active faults, we divided active faults into behavioral segments, and adopted the Cascade Earthquake Model, that is, a model that considers | Toshikazu Yoshioka |
| Two types of lead users in a model for the transfer of technology into households [PDF:765KB] − The development and diffusion of induction heating cookery − |
In this paper, we propose a multi lead users model for the transfer of technology into households through an empirical analysis of the development and diffusion of induction heating (IH) cookery. Even if big firms successfully develop a technology such as | Yuka Kubo, et al. |
||
| Creating non-volatile electronics
by spintronics technology [PDF:1MB] − Toward developing ultimate green IT devices − |
We have been promoting Full Research to develop ultimate green IT devices based on non-volatile electronics. A core technology of non-volatile electronics is a non-volatile memory possessing features such as large capacity, high-speed operation, and high | Shinji Yuasa, et al. |
||
| A marked improvement in the reliability of the measurement of trace moisture in gases [PDF:1.1MB] − Establishment of metrological traceability and a performance evaluation of trace moisture analyzers − |
The reliability of the measurement of trace moisture in a gas was improved markedly owing to the establishment of a trace moisture standard at AIST. As a result, problems with conventional methods of measuring trace moisture in gases have been revealed. T | Hisashi Abe | ||
| Development of battery-operated portable high-energy X-ray sources [PDF:1.1MB] − Innovation in X-ray nondestructive evaluation − |
We have developed a practical portable high-energy X-ray source, which can generate high energy X-rays with energies greater than 100 keV enabling the taking of high-definition X-ray transmission images using an R6 (AA) battery as a power source. This res | Ryoichi Suzuki | ||
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.2 No.2 |
Research papers | A study of paleoearthquakes at archeological sites [PDF:1.3MB] − A new interdisciplinary area between paleoseismology and archeology − |
Traces of paleoearthquakes have been found at many archeological sites in Japan. However, most of them have been neglected to date and not considered to be a subject relevant to archeological research. The author has studied these traces since 1988, namin | Akira Sangawa |
| High accuracy three-dimensional shape measurements for supporting manufacturing industries [PDF:1.7MB] − Establishment of the traceability system and standardization − |
Digital engineering technique has widely been used for speedy and effective manufacturing of industrial products. Coordinate measuring machines (CMM) are being used for measuring three-dimensional shapes of products and taking an important role to keep th | Sonko Osawa, et al. |
||
| A secure and reliable next generation mobility [PDF:2.1MB] − An intelligent electric wheelchair with a stereo omni-directional camera system − |
We propose a secure and reliable next generation smart electric wheelchair system that is equipped with a novel 3D stereovision system referred to here as a 'stereo omni-directional camera'. The novel vision system is not only intended for use with a new | Yutaka Satoh, et al. |
||
| Energy savings in transportation systems by weight reduction of their components [PDF:1.2MB] − Research and development of non-combustible magnesium alloys − |
Technological innovation bringing direct energy savings and reductions in carbon-dioxide emissions has been cited as an urgent issue in the field of transportation machinery. To cope with this issue, demand has been growing for structural materials that a | Michiru Sakamoto, et al. |
||
| A strategy to reduce energy usage in ceramic fabrication [PDF:1.3MB] − Novel binders and related processing technology − |
Because of serious global environmental problems, the ceramic industry has been concentrating on the reduction of energy usage during manufacturing. In this project, we have investigated low-energy processing techniques for ceramic components. Our researc | Koji Watari, et al. |
||
| Development of high-sensitivity molecular
adsorption detection sensors [PDF:1.1MB] − Biomolecular detection for highly-developed diagnosis, medication, and medical treatments − |
High sensitivity sensors for detection of molecules are aspired in various fields of application, particularly in medical technology, pharmacy and environmental sciences. In the present research, we have developed a high-performance molecular detection se | Makoto Fujimaki, et al. |
||
| Study on the PAN carbon-fiber-innovation for modeling
a successful R&D management [PDF:884KB] − An excited-oscillation management model − |
We have investigated the processes of invention of PAN (Polyacrylonitrile) carbon fiber and its technology transfer to private companies. From this investigation and analysis, we have found a new R&D management model, named “excited-oscillation model”. Th | Osamu Nakamura, et al. |
||
| Interviews | Energy-saving policy and standard research for
solid-state lighting in the United States [PDF:1.1MB] |
When Dr. Yoshi Ohno, who engages in the research of photometry standards at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the United States, visited AIST in December, 2008, Ono and Tanaka, editors of the Synthesiology Editorial Board, took | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.2 No.1 |
Research papers | Predictive modeling of everyday behavior from large-scale data [PDF:1.1MB] − Learning and inference from Bayesian networks based on actual services − |
Daily life behavior modeling is discussed. This modeling framework consists of statistical learning, probabilistic reasoning, user modeling, and large-scale data collecting technologies. Bayesian networks can represent causality relationship as graphical | Yoichi Motomura |
| Expansion of organic reference materials for the analysis of
hazardous substances in food and the environment [PDF:1.3MB] − Realization of an efficient metrological traceability using the quantitative NMR method − |
Reference materials are indispensable for accurate analysis of hazardous substances in food and the environment. For organic substances, however, the dissemination of reference materials is hopelessly unable to catch up with today’s rapidly proliferating | Toshihide Ihara, et al. |
||
| Modeling the social acceptance of industrial technologies [PDF:1.6MB] − Development of an eco-product diffusion analysis model that incorporates three existing models − |
In order to bring change to society through technological developments, analysis of the social acceptance of a given technology is indispensable. In this research, we developed a model that includes the effects of the diffusion of environmentally consciou | Mitsutaka Matsumoto, et al. |
||
| How Grid enables E-Science? [PDF:784KB] − Design and implementation of the GEO Grid − |
In this paper, we report on the design and implementation of the GEO (Global Earth Observation) Grid IT infrastructure as an example of E-Science. Using Grid technologies, the GEO Grid provides an IT infrastructure that integrates wide varieties of data s | Yoshio Tanaka | ||
| Basic materials research for the development
of ubiquitous-energy devices [PDF:1.8MB] − Applications to positive electrode materials of Li-ion batteries, electrode catalysts of proton-exchange fuel cells and gold catalysts − |
For ubiquitous-energy devices, the development of well-performing functional materials is the key issue. Effective collaboration between development researchers and researchers carrying out basic materials analysis using electron microscopy observations, | Masanori Kohyama, et al. |
||
| Innovation in distillation processes [PDF:843KB] − Process intensification for energy savings through concept of “detuning” from ideal state − |
A methodology of process intensification was discussed through the concept of “detuning” from the ideal state, especially for the energy-saving continuous distillation processes, which are typical energy consumer in the chemical and petrochemical industri | Masaru Nakaiwa, et al. |
||
| Advanced in-silico drug screening to achieve high hit ratio [PDF:842KB] − Development of 3D-compound database − |
Every year, several million compounds for drug screening are released by numerous vendors around the world. The information provided on these compounds is in the form of their two-dimensional (2D) structures. We have developed a software system to generat | Yoshifumi Fukunishi, et al. |
||
| Round-table talk | One-year anniversary of Synthesiology [PDF:609KB] |
One year has passed since the launch of Synthesiology. In its first year, four issues containing 24 research papers were published. We have attempted to present original research papers with a new style of expression that differ from those of conventional | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.1 No.4 |
Research papers | Development of high power and high capacity lithium secondary battery based on the advanced nanotechnology [PDF:1.2MB] − The convergence innovation strategy employing the inter-disciplinary research and inter-organization straightforward technology transfer − |
The development of high power and high capacity lithium secondary battery has been executed in a new strategic innovation scheme. This paper reports the significance of adopting the idea of interdisciplinary research to straightforward technology transfer | Itaru Honma |
| From basic research on firefly bioluminescence to
Product Realization Research [PDF:1.2MB] − Production of a multigene expression kit based on bioluminescent proteins − |
In the postgenome era, biological network analysis has become essential for elucidating animal physiology. We have developed a revolutionary tricolor reporter in vitro assay system that can be utilized for detailed analysis of a biological network. Biolum | Yoshihiro Ohmiya, et al. |
||
| Development of clay-based-film [PDF:827KB] − A Full Research scenario from a viewpoint of encounter − |
An example of Full Research in the development of clay-based-film is introduced. Clay is eco-friendly, and it exists abundantly in Japan. Clay-based-films can be used as heat resistant gas barrier materials that in turn contribute to the development of a | Takeo Ebina | ||
| Development of a risk assessment system for soil contamination and the application to the social system [PDF:1.1MB] − Processes in Synthesiology for practicing an advanced environmental risk management − |
In developing risk assessment technology for soil contamination, it is essential to carry out a wide range of fundamental research and to synthesize the results into a single system. We have carried out an integrated research project for a comprehensive r | Takeshi Komai, et al. |
||
| Development and application of photocatalytic technology [PDF:1.7MB] − Industrialization of sustainable eco-technology − |
Photocatalysts are capable of decomposing organic compounds such as toxic and bioresistant pollutants into non toxic gases in the presence of light. Material development and application of a number of photocatalysts have been carried out taking into consi | Hiroshi Taoda | ||
| Is an angular standard necessary for rotary encoders? [PDF:1.1MB] − Development of a rotary encoder that enables visualization of angle deviation − |
A rotary encoder is an angular readout device that reads an optical pattern written on the circumference of a shaft similar to a 360 degrees protractor and outputs angle position information. Since the output of a rotary encoder deviates from the true ang | Tsukasa Watanabe | ||
| Article | Methodology and a discipline for synthetic research [PDF:938KB] − What is Synthesiology? − |
In the analytical sciences, several formulations of the discipline such as Descartes’ discourse, Kuhn’s paradigm, and Popper’s falsifiability have been attempted, but such discussion has not been done for Synthesiology. The only exception is the series of | Hideyuki Nakashima | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.1 No.3 |
Research papers | Development of regenerative medical technology
working toward practical application [PDF:672KB] − Construction of human cell processing system in view of safety for the purpose of clinical application − |
Recently, technology of regenerative medicine which utilizes cells after their proliferation and differentiation process has drawn attention. In order to utilize the technology for clinical application, safety issue of the process as well as usefulness of | Hajime Ohgushi |
| Development of highly-active hydrodesulfurization
catalyst for sulfur-free diesel production [PDF:829KB] − Full research from in-house laboratory catalyst to commercial catalyst − |
Clean transportation fuels, particularly with significantly reduced sulfur content, are effective in reducing tailpipe emissions and lead to the development of novel high-performance exhaust treatment devices. We have developed a hydrodesulfurization cata | Yuji Yoshimura, et al. |
||
| Development of massive synthesis method of
organic nanotube toward practical use [PDF:778KB] − Integration of molecular design, molecular synthesis and safety assessment for materials having market competitiveness − |
Organic nanotubes are hollow fibers formed through the self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules in a solvent. Because nanoparticles and proteins can be included within their hollow interiors, such nanotubes can be applied to a wide range of fields. To promo | Masumi Asakawa, et al. |
||
| Development of flexible-printable device processing technology [PDF:965KB] − For achievement of prosumer electronics − |
We have worked on the development of the flexible-printable device processing technology as a processing technology of information terminal device that can make the best use of user's individuality. We have succeeded in the development of several low-temp | Toshihide Kamata, et al. |
||
| A new density standard replaced from water [PDF:843KB] − Using silicon single-crystals as the top of traceability in density measurement − |
Water is conventionally and widely used as a reference standard to measure physical quantities such as the density, volume, internal volume, and concentration. Water is also used as a standard for other physical properties such as the specific heat and su | Kenichi Fujii | ||
| A rationalization guideline for the utilization of energy and resources considering total manufacturing processes [PDF:717KB] − An exergy analysis of aluminum casting processes − |
In order to increase manufacture efficiency and lower environmental impact, it is necessary to know the processes of consumption and emission of resource and energy, as the processes span out widely after originating from one process. In this paper, analy | Hideki Kita, et al. |
||
| Article | Launch of AIST journal Synthesiology [PDF:335KB] − Discussion with Japanese researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign − |
This paper presents the discussion with Japanese researchers of computer science at the University of Illinois concerning the launch of journal Synthesiology and the underlying philosophy of AIST. Based on questions and comments that were raised in the di | Hitoshi Ohsaki, et al. |
|
| Title | Abstract | Author | ||
| Vol.1 No.2 |
Research papers | Creation of seamless geological map of Japan at the scale of 1:200,000 and its distribution through the web [PDF:1.8MB] − For maximum accessibility and utilization of geological information − |
A seamless geological map with unified legend was created at the scale of 1:200,000 covering the entire Japanese Archipelago. This was accomplished by harmonizing regional geological maps that were compiled in various ages. A research scenario from basic | Koji Wakita, et al. |
| Development of a small-size cogeneration system
using thermoelectric power generation [PDF:575KB] − Recovery system of high-temperature waste heat by new thermoelectric oxides − |
As energy and environment issues become serious, there is an urgent need to improve efficiency of industrial energy use as well as to alter lifestyles. To realize thermoelectric conversion technology that allows power generation from waste heat, we newly | Ryoji Funahashi, et al. |
||
| Realization of a collaboration system for
everyone to develop and manage [PDF:393KB] − Practices of communication patterns using qwikWeb − |
To realize a new collaborative communication system, we propose qwikWeb which has a design philosophy based on communication patterns where a user can easily build a system that matches the group’s activity. Adequacy and efficacy of this system were demon | Kouichirou Eto, et al. |
||
| Introduction to service engineering [PDF:448KB] − A framework for theoretical study of the service engineering − |
This paper proposes a framework for a theoretical and systematic study of service engineering. In this framework, primitive service is defined as a person (donor) donates a service to another person (receptor), and the service effect occurs when the recep | Hiroyuki Yoshikawa | ||
| A systematic analysis of protein interaction networks leading to the drug discovery [PDF:438KB] − Development of ultra sensitive mass spectrometry analytical platform − |
Inside each cell that constitutes organism, over 100 thousand different types of proteins function for vital biological processes. The proteins form groups and organizations that function as networks. We were able to achieve large-scale protein network an | Tohru Natsume, et al. |
||
| The aerosol deposition method [PDF:1.2MB] − For production of high performance micro devices with low cost and low energy consumption − |
AD (aerosol deposition) method is one of newly developed technologies for spray coating powder materials. It is a revolutionary coating technology in which high-density consolidation of ceramic powder can be obtained at room temperature, without sintering | Jun Akedo, et al. |
||
| Interviews | Hope for Synthesiology: [PDF:232KB] − Discussion with Prof. Lester − |
Prof. Lester has outstanding original ideas based on plentiful and profound investigations on the role of the industry and academia in the course of innovation. He emphasizes the importance of interpretive approach where the direction of an issue will be | Synthesiology Editorial Board et al. |
|
| The Toyota Motor approach from basic research to product realization [PDF:151KB] − Interview with Dr. Umeyama, General Manager, R&D Management Division − |
Toyota Motor Corporation is a world-class automotive manufacturer and unquestionably one of the most successful manufacturers in Japan. The company has been introducing new technology to society without being caught in the conventional concept for cars. F | Synthesiology Editorial Board, et al. |
||
| Round-table talk | Round Table Talk by Reviewers of the New Journal: Reviewing papers in the new style [PDF:203KB] |
Reviewing the Synthesiology papers was exciting but hard task for the reviewers because of the new style unseen in the other scientific journals. A round table talk with the reviewers of Volume 1 No. 1 and 2 issues was held to provide frank comments on | Synthesiology Editorial Board | |
| Title | Abstract | Author | Vol.1 No.1 |
Preface | A journal of original papers of Type Two Basic Research [PDF:1.7MB] |
Hiroyuki Yoshikawa |
| Research papers | Mass preparation and technological
development of an antifreeze protein [PDF:992KB] − Toward the practical use of biomolecules − |
Antifreeze protein isolated from the blood serum of Arctic and Antarctic fish is an extraordinary biomolecule that binds to ice and preserves cell structure. We recently discovered that Japanese edible fish species also contain an antifreeze protein, and | Sakae Tsuda, et al. |
|
| Development and standardization of accessible design technologies that address the needs of senior citizens [PDF:367KB] − Product design methodology based on measurements of domestic sounds and hearing characteristics − |
With the recent trend of decreased birthrate and increased aging population, design that can be used by as many people as possible including the elderly, or accessible design, has been incorporated in consumer product designs. The authors have developed a | Kenji Kurakata, et al. |
||
| A challenge to the low-cost production of
highly functional optical elements [PDF:440KB] − Fabrication of sub-wavelength periodic structures via glass-imprinting process − |
Factors, such as production cost, which impede practical applications of “sub-wavelength optical elements” with periodic structures smaller than light wavelengths, were targeted for alleviation through a combination of advanced Japanese glass molding meth | Junji Nishii | ||
| A strategic approach for comparing
different types of health risks [PDF:267KB] − A risk assessment of toluene exposure using quality-adjusted life years − |
The issue of social demands must be taken into consideration when developing a methodology for risk assessment of chemical substances. We classified the objectives of risk assessment into the following three categories: (A) to derive reference values, (B) | Atsuo Kishimoto | ||
| Technologies for the design and retail service
of well-fitting eyeglass frames [PDF:507KB] − Toward the mass customization business − |
The ultimate goal of this research is to realize a mass customization business that enables any consumer to easily obtain a well-fitting product. As the first step towards this goal, an IT-based product recommendation system for eyeglass frames was develo | Masaaki Mochimaru, et al. |
||
| Improving the reliability of temperature measurements
taken with clinical infrared ear thermometers [PDF:527KB] − Design and establishment of a new calibration system traceable to the national standards − |
Infrared ear thermometer was developed and rapidly spread in Japan in the late 1990’s, but users began to question the reliability of the temperature readings. AIST developed a new national standard for the calibration and conformity assessment of new ear | Juntaro Ishii | ||
| Article | Science and society, or research institution
and journal: A historical retrospection [PDF:263KB] |
Motoyuki Akamatsu, et al. |
