Life Science and Biotechnology (Research Institute for Cell Engineering)

The Research Institute for Cell Engineering, through the fusion of the conventional technologies of cell engineering, nanotechnology, materials and information, is engaged in development of the following two technologies: (1) Tissue and cell regeneration and alternative techniques, and (2) Development of instrumentation and manipulation technologies for cell functions. In (1) above, we have worked on efforts geared towards standardization of medical techniques involving regenerated bone and cartilage; development of laboratory animals for neural circuit regeneration molecular evaluation; and basic technologies using artificial polymer materials for new devices to replace the motor functions and such. In (2), we have conducted developments regarding the extension of applications of transfection microarrays to disease models; cell manipulation technology applying nanotechnology; an analytical system for olfactory receptor response; cell devices utilizing multi-gene expression analysis systems; molecular systems capable of instrumentation, control and analysis of cell functions; and technologies for the utilization and creation of proteins required for control and elucidation of cell functions.

As the biomolecular motor is a highly-efficient nano-actuator possessing the potential for self-assembly, we are conducting research targeting the industrial application of biomolecular motors and motor cells. We have recently succeeded in developing, ahead of the world, a minute motor that is rotated by gliding bacteria (Fig. 1).

In addition, by imitating vital functions, we are developing materials which undergo large changes in various properties in response to various stimuli. Recently, in our efforts to develop an actuator which demonstrates a large change in shape with a low voltage, much like muscles in the living body, we have discovered a phenomenon in which polymeric gel electrodes of carbon nanotube and ionic liquid change shape in response to applied voltage. We have thus developed an actuator (Fig. 2) having a structure where an electrolyte gel is sandwiched by the gel electrodes. Such a material is anticipated for future application to medical and welfare equipment as an artificial muscle device.