We investigated a correlation between the microstructure of the anode of a tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and its electrochemical property. It was found that the electrochemical property of the cell was extensively improved when the size of constituent particles were reduced in a highly porous microstructure. Based on the results, an improved tubular SOFC was prepared using a conventional zirconia-based electrolyte, Ni cermet and (La, Sr)(Co, Fe) O₃ for anode and cathode materials, respectively and it showed outstanding power density of over 1 W/cm² at as low as 600 °C operating temperature. Thus, a zirconia-based cell could be utilized for low temperature SOFC systems under 600 °C just by optimizing the microstructure of the anode and operating conditions.